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• the stage of a culture split into separate branches;
• the stage of a new holistic ecological culture in which different branches and types of cul-
tures unite without loss of specificity.
The modern social world, the technocratic culture came into sharp conflict with nature, hu-
man places in nature proved to be inadequate. And all this complexity deeply permeates the life of a
person who acts as a connecting link between nature and culture. In my opinion, a person is both a
natural and a social being. Therefore, it is characteristic of both natural and cultural forms of mani-
festation. As a result, human culture leads, determines its nature. In all the most natural actions of
man as a living creature, parts of the biosphere: in food, sleep, in movement, in reproduction, in the
settlement, everything reflects, reflects the degree of mastery of culture, i.e. human culture. Moreo-
ver, manifested, culturality changes naturalness, can express more clearly, fully, accurately, and can
distort. Only a harmonious combination of culture as a phenomenon, and its manifestations in hu-
man activities, forms that culture that does not contradict naturalness, includes, develops, deeply
reflects the latter. One can not help but see that the first hundred years of the development of ecolo-
gy (starting with E.Hekkel) falls on the period of "disconnected knowledge". It is not surprising,
therefore, that since the beginning, environmental knowledge has been accumulating separately
from each other in biology, geology, sociology and many other sciences [3]. The desire to under-
stand reproduction as separate "fragments" of life (biological and social), and all life in general -
biosocial being - leads to the emergence of modern ecology. Fragments of ecological knowledge are
gradually transformed into a system of knowledge about the process of reproduction of life, about
geo-bio-social conditions and mechanisms for the reproduction of life.
At present, there is an obvious need to implement the triad "ecological education - environ-
mental education - environmental education". Spiritual culture acts as a connecting element. The
emphasis on the harmonization (co-evolution) of the relationships between Man and Nature guides
the society in solving the problems of the modern world, brings public consciousness to the level of
"planetary self-consciousness", oriented to the culture of the future both within the framework of
super-ethnoses, and within the framework of a single humanity. Ecological preparation of the
teacher should form the basis of the modern worldview, ethics of behavior (culture), a new way of
life of a person.
Formation of moral and aesthetic components of ecological culture of students of a teacher train-
ing university will be effective under conditions:
• organization of education of moral and aesthetic components of students' ecological cul-
ture in the educational space of the university;
• implementation of the environmental orientation of the educational process on the basis of
moral and aesthetic values;
• strengthening the moral and aesthetic aspects in the scientific-research and creative activi-
ty of students;
• development of professional and pedagogical reflection of future teachers in the imple-
mentation of environmental work in the school on the basis of moral and aesthetic components;
• formation of a culture of conscious choice of ecological behavior from the standpoint of
moral and aesthetic values;
• Realization of pedagogical conditions and model of formation of moral and aesthetic com-
ponents of ecological culture of students of a teacher training University in teaching and educational
process.
There are several areas in which it is possible to form an aesthetic view of the surrounding world -
art, society and nature. According to I.F. Smolyaninov, nature has a special place in aesthetic educa-
tion, since it is the primary source of beauty in art, therefore, natural disciplines (botany, zoology,
human anatomy, etc.) will be that area where the aesthetic potential is enormous. nature is always
before the eyes and one has only to be able to see and feel it "[4].
The moral component is a structure-forming component of the students' ecological culture.
Spiritual component of ecological culture is morality - internal, spiritual qualities, which guide peo-
ple, ethical norms, rules of behavior, determined by these qualities. In the dictionary of F.A.
Brokgauz and I.A. Efron - ethics - in the narrow sense - the doctrine of morality or norms of human
behavior, arises in a human society at a certain point in time and everywhere at all times connects
120
man's will with moral norms in the form of customs, religious or state institutions. In the modern
philosophical dictionary, morality is one of the most important and essential factors in the social life
of society and historical progress. It consists in the voluntary, amateur co-ordination of the feelings,
aspirations and actions of members of society with the feelings, aspirations and actions of fellow
citizens, their interest and the dignity of the whole common cause as a whole. Voluntary and ama-
teur coordination agree to any phenomenon of morality. Thus, morality, in their opinion, is a per-
sonal characteristic that unites such qualities and qualities as kindness, decency, honesty, truthful-
ness, justice, diligence, discipline, collectivism, regulating individual human behavior. N.V. Bor-
dovskaya and A.A. Rean, the main criteria of a moral person consider moral beliefs, moral princi-
ples, value orientations and actions [5].
In modern ethics, a person, being a product of the social environment, experiences the influ-
ence of society through education, reacts to these social impacts and changes the environment. The
social program determines the conscious activity and behavior of the individual. The norm, or rule
of behavior, is expressed on the level of feelings, qualities and qualities. This contributes to the fact
that the individual can self-regulate behavior. The basis of moral behavior, its "cell" is an act, the
components of which are needs, motivations, value orientations, normativity, purpose, means, ac-
tion, result, value. To emphasize the importance of morality in the behavior of the individual, we
consider it appropriate to quote the words of V.I. Vernadsky: "The most important questions are
ethical questions, questions about how to behave under certain conditions of life." Especially distin-
guished pedagogical condition - the ecological orientation of the educational process on the basis of
moral and aesthetic values, which is realized:
First, in the systematic orientation of the educational process on the moral and aesthetic perception
of the natural world (at lectures, seminars and laboratory and practical classes, field practices).
Lectures are the leading form of teaching and educational process in the university. This is a
logically harmonious, consistent, clear, emotional exposition of the scientific question on a dialecti-
cal-materialistic basis. The lecture introduces students to science, acquaints them with scientific and
theoretical positions, with methodology. The lecture educates the worldview, certain moral quali-
ties, has aesthetic impact and emotional response of listeners. During the presentation of the lecture,
the most important facts, events, phenomena, concepts, laws are described in detail and at the same
time the moral and aesthetic side of the fact, phenomenon, event, law is concretized. Conditions that
contribute to the emotional impact of the lecture on listeners are the high scientific, pedagogical,
methodical level of the lecture. It presupposes the presentation of various domestic and foreign sci-
entific facts, phenomena (historical and modern), if necessary, retelling legends, myths, command-
ments, etc., which contribute to emotional perception of the material, the development of interest,
the attention of listeners and the formation of independent creative activity. Demonstration of ex-
pressive auxiliary means (video films, tables, diagrams, models, drawings on the board, etc.) will
contribute to emotional-moral and emotional-aesthetic perception of information. During the lecture
the teacher expressively emphasizes the moral and aesthetic side of the question.
In my opinion, it is the interaction of culture and education in the process of human devel-
opment that is the most important condition for the integrity of the latter, the ability to adapt to the
conditions of life and to resist the negative influences of the environment, relying on one's spiritual
culture
References:
1. Girusov E.V From ecological knowledge to ecological consciousness. The interaction of nature and society,
1985. 215 p.
2. Artamonova E.I Development of the spiritual culture of a modern teacher.2000
3. Abdrashitova I.V Formation of moral and aesthetic components of ecological culture of students of a teacher
training university 2003. 180 p.
4. Sitarova V.A, Pustovoitov V.V Social ecology 2000. 280 p.
5. Asafova EV Education of students' ecological culture 2005. 158 p.
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