Қазақ мемлекеттік қыздар
педагогикалық университеті Хабаршы №3 (51), 2014 ж.
67
and more information in the shortest possible time. Nowadays exist 3 types of abbreviations: 1.
Graphical abbreviations- shortening of words and word- groups only in written speech while
orally the corresponding full forms are used: e.g. for example, i. e. - that is, No – number, ect. 2.
Lexical abbreviations - classified according to the part of the word which is clipped (beginning
ar ending of the word): copter (helicopter), disco (dicotheque), expo (exposition) etc. 3. Initial
abbreviations - the bordering case between graphical and lexical abbreviations, they are closer to
graphical abbreviations because orally full forms are used, e.g. J.V. - joint venture.[1].
This way of word building is famous among youth nowadays. You shouldn’t be surprised
because abbreviation is the most popular way of communication used by teenagers. Especially it
is used as a tool of communication in the process of conveying information through the SMS.
SMS are the abbreviations of Short Message Services and is a protocol that has been
standardized for short messages delivery from mobile telephones it can be up to 160 characters
of length. [2] SMS has been popular in Europe and parts of Asia since 1991. Europeans are said
to pass more than two billion text messages across cell phone networks each month. [3] SMS is
one of the functions of modern mobile phones which became inseparable part of our life. This is
the cause of developing such new style of communication with its own language. We call this
language – SMS language. The main questions are, is it harmless to our language to use SMS
abbreviations? What is the leading consequences of using SMS abbreviations?
SMS language (also known as chatspeak, txt, txtspk, texting language or txt talk) is the
English language
slang
used in
mobile phone
SMS
. It is an abbreviated form of English similar
to a
rebus
. With
predictive text
input increasingly being used, it is becoming less common. This
type of
language
has been alleged to not obey or follow standard English
grammar
; furthermore,
the words used in the writing system can't be found in standard
dictionaries
. The invention of
mobile phone messages may be considered as its source, although
elliptical
styles of writing
dating back to at least the days of
telegraphese
.
It is similar to Internet slang and Telex speak, and has evolved from the shorthand use in
Internet chat rooms to accommodate the small number of characters allowed (early SMS
permitted only 160 characters and some carriers charge messages by the number of characters
sent), and as a convenient language for the small keyboards on mobile phones.
The objective of SMS Language is to use the fewest number of characters needed to convey a
comprehensible message. Hence,
punctuation
and grammar are largely ignored.[4]
SMS language is used in all three languages, English, Russian and Kazakh. You can see it in the
table-1 below.
Казахский государственный женский
педагогический университет Вестник №3(51), 2014 г.
68
Table 1– The same ways of words or letters replacement in English Russian and Kazakh
languages
English language
SINGLE LETTERS CAN REPLACE WORDS
Are
r
You
u
Why
y
SINGLE DIGITS CAN REPLACE WORDS
Ate
8
For
4
To, too
2
A SINGLE LETTER OR DIGIT CAN REPLACE A SYLLABLE
ate becomes 8, so: activate
activ8
great
GR8
later
l8r or l8a
For or Fore becomes 4, so: before
b4
therefore
th4
Orr becomes or, so: Sorry
Sry
Tomorrow
2moro, 2mro, 2mr, 2m
Russian language
SINGLE DIGITS CAN REPLACE WORDS
Я
Example:
9
9 prishla. (mostly its written like this: 9 priwla)
LETTERS CAN BE REPLACED BY ENGLISH LETTERS ACCORDING TO THE
PHOBETIC PRONUNCIATION
Ю
Example:
U
Ya tebya lublu (with the mixture of the first replacement it can
be written like this: 9 teb9 lublu)
LETTERS CAN BE REPLACED BY NUMBERS ACCORDING TO THEIR PHONETIC
PRONUNCIATION
Ч
Example:
4
4to delaesh? or 4to delaew?
Ш
Example:
6
U menya vse horo6o. or U men9 vse horo6o
LETTERS CAN BE REPLACED BY LATIN LETTERS ACCORDING TO THEIR
GRAPHICAL SIMILARITIES
Я
Example:
9
9 seichas podoidu. or 9 sei4as priwlu smskoi.
Ш
Example:
W
Priwla v wkolu a tut nikogo bol’we netu.
Қазақ мемлекеттік қыздар
педагогикалық университеті Хабаршы №3 (51), 2014 ж.
69
Kazakh language
LETTERS CAN BE REPLACED BY LATIN LETTERS ACCORDING TO THEIR GRAPHICAL
SIMILARITIES
Ш
Example:
W
Bugin bizdin uige kelwiw. Kewke seni Wyngys ekeuimiz
wygaryp salamyz.
CHARACTERS AND PUNCTUATION ARE REMOVED TO SHORTEN MESSAGES:
Vowels are removed such
that
the
sequence
of
consonants remain and the
word is still recognisable.
LANGUAGE
EXAMPLES
ENGLISH
between becomes btwn and yearbook becomes yrbk.
RUSSIAN
Привет becomes прв, Спасибо becomes спс
KAZAKH
Сәлем becomes слм
Қалайсын? becomes Қалйсн?
Punctuation
may
be
removed;
only
question
mark and exclamation marks
are generally used. The
space and capital letter is
often omitted after a period.
ENGLISH
Hi how r u?wat r u doing? Im ok just come from school
waiting u in the evening
RUSSIAN
Прв как ты?4то дел?Жду тя вечером
Чн, мест. Что-нибудь.
Если долго делать чн, и это чн не очень получается,
в итоге надоедает.
Дгвр, гл. Сокр. от «договорились». Завр, нареч.
Сокр. от «завтра».
Ок, дгвр, до завр
KAZAKH
Слм калйсн?келш бугн әнгме айтайк
“/” signifies abbreviation
ENGLISH
«w/» for with and «s/t» for something.
RUSSIAN
Тя, shortened from «тебя».
Видала, как она на тя посмотрела?
KAZAKH
к/к shortened from керек
маган оның телефон нөмері к/к боп тур.
Other transcriptions of slang
or dialect terms can be used
if shorter than the original
words
ENGLISH
cos with fewer letters than because
RUSSIAN
Пжлста, частица. Сокр. от «пожалуйста».
Захвати, пжлста, лекции.
Мб, мод.слово. Сокр. от «может быть».
Мб серв снова пропылесос или?))
Now let’s dwell on the question how do SMS shortenings effect upon our language?
We can confidently say that abbreviations which we use during sending messages have a
great influence upon our language. Especially it is a cause of bad spelling.
Let’s have a look into following examples: again we will work with three languages
English, Russian, Kazakh.
In Russian: Пжлста, Shortened from «пожалуйста». For example: Захвати, пжлста,
лекции. In this case such kind of shortening lead to sad consequence, because person who
usually uses such kind of abbreviation forget how to write this word in a right way. The same
with the greeting word: ЗДР abbreviated from «здравствуйте». Research shows that 3 of 10
respondents who always shortened this words can not write it in right way. When we asked them
to write this word on a sheet of paper they wrote it like this: «пажалуста», «здрасти».
Достарыңызбен бөлісу: |