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The main motive of English fairy tales is failure avoiding. Activities of fairy tales heroes are
directed not on achievement of some results but on avoiding loss. Also it is necessary to tell that
evident motives are not presented in English national fairy tales. It is also necessary to note that
activities of heroes mostly are not caused by their own wishes, but by the external circumstances. In
comparison with other nations` fairy tales, in English fairy tales motives of activity as desire of
power and achievement of success is less expressed[1,27]. Achievement of success is expressed in
Kazakh tales. Main heroes struggle with bad persona, defeat and then achieve fame. Which is
expressed in most endings as жетістікке жетіп, байлыққа кенеліпті,мыстан кемпірді жеңіп,
елін аман сақтап қалыпты. Сол кезден бері сол ауылдың аты батырдың атымен
аталыпты[2,216].
In the English fairy tale usually there is no traditional beginning and an ending. Alice was
beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the bank, and of having nothing to do…[3,16].
However in Kazakh we have almost in all fairy tales the same beginning, as: Ерте ерте ертеде,
Бір баяғы заманда. There is a beginning phrase in any Kazakh tales.
T. Chernyshova defines the fairy tale asthe special closed world with own laws which aren't
applied in the real world. Situations in the English fairy tale are switched off from real period, the
strict sequence of events create special fantastic time in which the main characters should overcome
a number of tests before they find happiness. Overlaying episodes are inherent in the English fairy
tale. This strengthens action that leads to the culmination and an outcome. Usually the fairy tale
comes to an end with a victory of the goodness, the badness is punishable. Bad heroes wholly
respond for their acts [1,28].
National lines of the fairy tale are defined by folklore traditions of the people. Animal and
flora of that country where these fairy tales appeared find reflection in fairy tales. Animals, as
heroes of fairy tales, remind the speech and behavior of people of that country where these fairy
tales were written. Fairy tales were always reflection of national life, a mirror of national
consciousness. In the example Шынында, оныңбойыендіжиырмасантиметрге дежетпей
қалды. - Алақай, ендікішкентай есіктенкіреалатынболдым! used the word centimeter instead
of inch. The extract: Oh dear! Oh dear! I shall be late!is translated as Құдайым-ай, кешіктім-ау!
Кешіктімғой!-депзарлапбаражатыр.. Also, sentence What a curious feeling! said Alice; I must
be shutting up like a telescope was paraphrased with Сұмдық-ай- деп айқайлап жіберді Алиса. –
Мен гармон сияқты жиырылып бара жатырмын.While transferring the meaning translators
applied paraphrasing.In some cases translators used Russian words, that are more known but do not
have equivalents in Kazakh language. For example, the sentence: The Duchess! The Duchess! Oh
my dear paws! Oh my fur and whiskers! She'll get me executed, as sure as ferrets are
ferrets!translated as:О, Герцогиня! Байғұс аяқтарым-ай and the sentence…Caterpillar took the
hookah out of its mouth, and addressed her in a languid, sleepy voice…translated as ...қаннен
қаперсіз кальян шегіп отырған дәу көгілдір қырықаяқпен көздері түйісіп қалды [3,15]. The
reason is that in Kazakh there are no such notions.
A.A. Milne wrote about K. Graham's book: "Sometimes it started seeming to me that I wrote
it". English storytellers often use the world created by their predecessors or place to it their heroes.
All these prove that the English fairy tale is the unified literary phenomenon and develop in line
with certain traditions. English storytellers were not united by any uniform literary direction, school
or an art circle, but unity of style which is kept by the English fairy tale throughout the century
development is amazing. In all these fairy tales there is sometimes cheerful, sometimes the sad
spirit living in England from the date of its basis. While the Kazakh fairy tale, having passed
difficult historical development, from antiquity, like social ideas, to revival of national traditions,
gradually passes into the world of imagination and a fantasy [4,19].
In destiny of the English fairy tale and its authors there are much coincidence, very much, that
they become regularity. English authors, as a rule, weren't children's writers. They were teachers of
mathematics and literature, journalists, actors, engineers, historians, philologists, philosophers.
[4,20] So their books arose from history. For example W. Thackeray composed "The Rose and the
Ring" for a children's Christmas holiday, Peter Pan was thought up Barry together with young
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Davisam. The Lofting described doctor Dulittl's adventures in letters to the children and Graham
told fairy tales to the son Alistair. Also there were also Carroll's fairy tales, Kipling, and A. Milne's
fairy tale.
English writers have surprising style of the word due to what their works become a perennial
spring of quotes. Owing to these properties, the fairy tale, as well as all English literature, seems
directly created to take from it quotes for all occasions. The fairy tale has to come to an end well,
knowing this unwritten law, the reader seldom seriously worries about destiny of heroes. The
English fairy tale departs from this rule. The world in which heroes act, is real, also the dangers
trapping them here are real. [5, 22]. Problem which is solved by heroes, more likely moral, than
adventurous. The English fairy tale doesn't spare the reader, doesn't underestimate danger and
doesn't make feel reader thought that all this no more than an invention which by all means will
well come to an end. The writer places the hero in difficult circumstances and provides to him to
look for an exit [6,75].
One of the central issues in English fairy tales arerelationship of adults and children. In
Kazakh tales the central problems are connected with role of hero in the life and development of
good personal qualities in readers throughout story.
Also, there are a lot of descriptions in English tales. For example, O. Wilde`s tales full of
descriptions [7,65].
Description of interior: The walls were hung with rich tapestries representing the Triumph of
Beauty. A large press inlaid with agate and lapis-lazuli, filled one corner, and facing the window
stood a curiously wrought cabinet with lacquer panels of powdered and mosaiced gold, on which
were placed some delicate goblets of Venetian glass and a cup of dark-veined onyx(The Young
King).
Description of appearance and clothes: He had bright bready eyes and stiff gray whiskers, and
his tail was like a long bit of black India-rubber(The Devoted friend)
Description of nature: It was a largely lovely garden, with soft green grass. Here and there
over the grass stood beautiful flowers like stars and there were twelve peach-trees that in the
spring-time broke out into delicate blossoms of pink and pearl, and in the autumn bore rich fruit.
The birds sat on the trees and sang so sweetly that the children used to stop their games in order to
listen to them (The Selfish Giant). He had dreamy violet eyes, and his hair was like fine gold.” “She
was like a white rose before but she is like a red rose now(The Remarkable Rocket). Her hair like
an aureole of faded gold…(The Birthday of the Infanta).
There are descriptions in Kazakh tales, but they are mostly attributive phrases as ну орман,
ашық аспан. Description of appearance shows difference in worldview. Description of appearance
in English: His hair is dark as the hyacinth-blossom; and his lips are red as the rose of his desire;
but passion has made his face like pale ivory…(The Nightingale and the Rose). Description of
appearance in Kazakh literature: қастары айдай, ерні қызыл оймақтай, жүзі жылы қыз
алдынан шықты.
It is represented that problems of a reconstruction of style and preservation of structure of the
fairytale text style, with another become the most important in translation of the fairy tale. The
translation technologies applied at the translation of fairy tales have to be guided by all those
features of the text which are shown in it reflecting lines of art and fantastic attitude. [8,35] In some
cases translators might lose those features of the text, while using omission. Likewise, omission
makes readers to confuse and guess some moments in the text. For example, in the “Alice`s
adventures in Wonderland” there are passages: …Down, down, down. Would the fall never come to
an end! “I wonder how many miles I've fallen by this time?” she said aloud… Down, down, down.
There was nothing else to do, so Alice soon began talking again. “Dinah'll miss me very much to-
night, I should think!” (Dinah was the cat.) … Alice was not a bit hurt, and she jumped up on to her
feet in a moment: she looked up, but it was all dark overhead; before her was another long passage,
and the White Rabbit was still in sight, hurrying down it…In Kazakh variant, published by Aruna
Ltd., there is used omission and several passages shortened to several sentencesin one passage as:
Кенет Алиса байқамай құдыққа құлап түсті. Неге екені белгісіз, Алиса төмен қарай өте
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