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12. Заполните пропуски соответствующей формой глагола
to
have:
1. Each planning strategy … its own advantages. 2. We … many
friends. 3. Bottom-up land use planning … some disadvantages. 4. Next
year this student will … a diploma of a land use planner. 5. Last year
students … many interesting subjects.
13. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. How can land use planning be defined? What is the purpose of
land use planning? 3. What does land use planning deal with? 4. Does
land use planning include many aspects? 5. What are the key aspects of
agricultural land use planning? 6. Is land a limited resource? 7. Do we
need to conserve land resources for future use? 8. What is important for
successful land use planning?
14. Перескажите текст 2А.
15. Прочитайте, переведите текст 2В и сформулируйте основ-
ную мысль каждого абзаца:
Text 2B
Methods of Land Use Planning
The planning process should be based on the cadastral survey of land
resources. The present situation must be taken into consideration. The
land use planner is to decide what needs should be changed and how
the changes can be made. He is also to find out which is the best option
and how far is the plan succeeded.
This progression of questions has led to
the formulation of a guide
to land use planning — the planning cycle.
Land use planning is implemented at the national, regional or local
level. At the national level land use policy is balanced upon the com-
peting demands for land among different sectors of the economy — food
production, export crops, wildlife conservation, housing and public
amenities, roads, industry.
National development plans and budget must be also taken into
consideration as well as project identification and the allocation of re-
sources for development. Sectoral agencies involved in land use must
be coordinated. Legislation on such subjects as land tenure, forest
clearance and water rights should be worked out by all means.
Regional level includes such siting of new developments as settle-
ments, forest plantations and irrigation schemes. The need for improved
infrastructure
such as water supply, roads and marketing facilities is one
of the main problems of this cycle. The development of management
guidelines for improved kinds of land use on each type of land is also
necessary.
Land use planning is oriented to local conditions in terms of both
method and content. Planning approaches
often fail because global
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models and implementation strategies are applied and taken over auto-
matically and uncritically. But land use planning is not a standardized
procedure which is uniform in its application world-wide. Its content is
based on an initial regional or local situation analysis.
Local level provides the layout of drainage, irrigation and soil con-
servation work as well as the siting of
specific crops on suitable
lands.
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