Further, on the basis of obtained data on the interaction of medical personnel
with social workers in the framework of the SPS and their analysis, the
following conclusions were made:
- Socially-psychological service (93%) is currently working in the organizations
of the interviewed medical personnel, i.e. there is experience of working
together with social workers.
- The medical staff appeals to social workers in need of psychological
assistance (60.2%) registration of various documents (43%), need to establish
the identity of the patient in the event of problems with the documents (34.4%),
transfer of the patient to other government institutions (30%), legal support of
the patient (29%), need to find relatives of the patient (26.8%), and other 6.4%.
Only 4.3% of the interviewed medical personnel noted that they did not involve
social workers, as there were no such cases in practice.
- In the opinion of interviewed medical personnel, the lonely aged people and
old people living separately from children (65.5%), adults with disabilities
(62.3%), poor families below the poverty line (49.4% %), children with
disabilities (43%), a prosperous or dysfunctional large family (39%) and single
mothers (35.4%), teenager in a difficult life situation, drug addicts, alcoholics
(5%). At the same time, family patronage with a social worker is needed (68%),
and 30% of respondents indicated that there is no need for a family team
patronage.
- For the interviewed medical personnel, the help of a social worker is mostly in
identifying difficult social cases among the population (48.3%), establishing
communicating skills in speaking with the population (45%), mediating with
organizations such as akimats, employment coordination department, State
center for the payment of pensions, service centers, etc. (43%), provision of
leisure activities for the elderly people (41%), and training in social aspects of
work (40%).
- The majority (81.7%) of the interviewed medical personnel evaluated practice
of social workers as "good" (43%) and "excellent" (38.7%), but 16.2% of
respondents noted that the work was "satisfying" or "bad ", while half of them
did not see the positive contribution of a social worker in team work. For
medical personnel who have positively evaluated the work of the SPS, any
topic of training on interaction with social workers is of interest, and for a
considerable part of it, the legal status of a social worker is not clear, i.e. what
he has the right to do for the patient, and what is not.
- The majority of medical personnel positively assess the activities of social
workers and appeals to the SPS in need to solve social and psychological
problems with socially vulnerable segments of the population, but for a
considerable part of it the legal status of the social worker in relation to the
patient is not clear.
Based on the results of the research on the role of a social worker in the
primary health care (PHC), the following conclusions are made:
- Motives of interviewed social workers on choosing their profession:
Want to help people, love to work with people (53%); content of the work
(33%); at the same time, for 17% of respondents "there is no suitable work".
The majority of respondents (88%) are more or less satisfied with their work
and only 9% of social workers are rather unsatisfied or not satisfied at all with
their work. The satisfaction of social workers with the profession is different by
regions: Astana - 76%, Karaganda - 84%, Kostanay - 84%, Zhezkazgan,
Pavlodar and Atyrau - all respondents were "completely satisfied" and "almost
satisfied" with their work.
- The most successful in the work of a social worker is to find a common
language with clients (62%), provide psychological support to the client
(41.2%), solve administrative issues (35%), resolve legal issues (23%),
patronage (21, 4%), special care for the client (7%). Only 1/3 of the social
workers surveyed noted the fulfillment of social and medical tasks among their
strengths.
- Only 65.2% of social workers have (according to subjective assessment) the
practice of assessing the client's initial situation, and 43.4% of social workers
successfully perform a in-depth evaluation of client's situation; one third of the
respondents (30%) have a low professional competence in the initial assessment
of the client's situation, and over 40% of the surveyed social workers do not
have the skill of in-depth assessment of the situation of the patient. At the same
time, a quarter of social workers noted that there is no need for supervision in
severe cases, and 21% of respondents have no idea about this.
- Difficulties faced by a social worker: psychological overload and stress
(43.6%); lack of possibilities and administrative resources to solve the client's
problem (39%); frequent calls of clients during off-hours (28%), lack of
knowledge in the profile and need for advanced training by Kazakhstani (25%)
and foreign specialists (16.6%); lack of availability of professional tools,
accessories for working with clients (22%); a large flow of visitors (customers)
per day (12.6%); communication difficulties and conflicts with clients (12%),
with colleagues, management (7%); overstated requirements for the profession
(4%), low wages (3%).
- More than half of social workers (54%) believe that interdisciplinary
interaction in PHC is built at a high level, it is regular and there is a feedback,
34% of respondents are at an average level, and 8.6% note that the level of
interdisciplinary interaction is low or this interaction is completely absent.
- In the course of the survey, social workers showed a high degree of readiness
for professional growth (87%), but only a part of the respondents indicated
training options: 25.4% of respondents regularly engaged in self-education;
12.7% - passed professional development, attended conferences, seminars,
trainings; 12.7% - increase their professional level and knowledge in the
process of working with clients and colleagues, medical personnel.
- Most of the interviewed social workers in PHC, to some extent, are satisfied
with their work. At the same time, about half of them need to improve their
professional competencies, including performance of social and medical tasks.
Thereby, the analysis of theoretical and methodological features of the
formation of professional competences of a social worker in Kazakhstan and
abroad, the organizational and regulatory mechanisms for their implementation
in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the analysis of forming technology of
professional competencies of a social worker, and the sociological study of the
formation of professional and personal competencies of a social worker in the
provision of social services in the health sector, allowed to make the following
conclusions:
1. Forming professional competencies of a social worker in the provision of
social services in the field of health is the educational process of subjects’
interaction, the result of which is competence as an integral characteristic of
professional and personal qualities, reflecting the level of knowledge, skills,
and experience enough to perform the functions of a specialist according to
standards, as well as his ethical position.
- the formation of professional competence of a social worker in the provision
of social services in the health sector is oriented to the process of self-
development of the individual's creative potential, which is possible on the basis
of a systemic, synergetic, acmeological and personal-activity approaches
oriented toward the individual as a goal, self-fulfilling subject of professional
activity, result and main criterion.
2. A client-oriented model of the social worker's professional competencies in
the provision of social services in the health sector is proposed, based on
analysis of the requirements presented by legitimate regulatory legal acts,
standards, and methodological recommendations, as well as identified needs as
a result of sociological research and PEST analysis. The peculiarity of the
model is the orientation of management on the client, his needs and demands,
subjective as an individual and objective, as a subject of social service.
3. Changing the system of forming the basic professional competencies of
social workers is the first principle, since the system of training and retraining
of social workers fully predetermines their future professional activity.
- Management of the formation of professional competencies in the process of
training and retraining of social workers in healthcare involves three stages:
basic, professional, and specially-professional.
4. Diagnostics of the formation of professional competencies of social workers
in the provision of social services in the health sector through a sociological
survey showed the following:
- the population is not sufficiently informed about the social and medical
services in CPHC, which, in the opinion of beneficiaries, is needed, but it is
necessary to improve its quality and completeness of social services provision
to the population.
- the majority of medical personnel positively evaluates the activity of social
workers and appeals to the SPS in need to solve social and psychological
problems with socially vulnerable segments of the population, but for a
considerable part of it, the legal and professional status of the social worker in
relation to the patient / beneficiary in health care is not clear;
- most of the social workers interviewed in CPHC are more or less satisfied
with their work, while half of the respondents identified a need for a clear
delineation and improvement of their professional competencies, including the
implementation of specialized social and medical tasks.
This analysis of the theoretical and methodological features of the formation
of the professional competences of the social worker in Kazakhstan and abroad,
the organizational and regulatory mechanisms for their implementation in the
Republic of Kazakhstan, the analysis of the technology for forming the
professional competencies of the social worker, and the sociological study of
the formation of the professional and personal competencies of the social
worker Employee in the provision of social services in the health sector, have
made a Suitable conclusions:
1. In the context of the foregoing, it can be concluded that the formation of
the professional competencies of the social worker in the provision of social
services in health care is the educational process of interaction of subjects, the
result of which is competence as an integral characteristic of professional
competencies, reflecting the level of knowledge, skills, experience and
experience sufficient for Implementation of specialist functions according to
standards, as well as his ethical position on the basis of theoretical and
methodological analysis and Experience in similar studies in countries with best
practices. The change in the system of forming the basic professional
competencies of social workers is the first principle, since the system of
training and retraining of social workers predetermines their future professional
activity to the full. Management of the formation of professional competencies
in the process of training and retraining of social workers in healthcare involves
three stages: basic, professional, and specially-professional.
2. Formation of professional competencies of social worker in the provision
of social services in the field of health is focused on the process of self-
development of the creative potential of the individual, which is possible on the
basis of systemic, synergetic, acmeological and personality-activity approaches,
oriented towards the individual as a goal, self-fulfilling subject of professional
activity, result and The main criterion.
3. A client-oriented model of the social worker's professional competencies
in the provision of social services in the health sector is proposed, based on an
analysis of the requirements presented Legitimized normative legal acts,
standards, and methodological recommendations, as well as identified needs as
a result of conducted sociological research and PEST-analysis. The peculiarity
of the model is the orientation of management on the client, his needs and
demands, subjective as an individual and objective, as a subject of social
service. The model of formation of professional competencies of the social
worker in the provision of social services in the field of healthcare is developed.
The peculiarity of this is the satisfaction of the needs of the beneficiary through
client-oriented management (mission development and organizational goals,
strategic and tactical planning), client-oriented activities (identification of the
needs of the customer, decision-making, implementation of services) , Client-
oriented education (advanced training, self-development, broadcast success
stories). The introduction of a client-oriented Model of the formation of
professional competencies of a social worker in the provision of social services
in the field of health care is possible with the transition of PHC facilities to an
integrated socio-medical form of providing social and medical assistance to the
population.
4. A sociological survey showed that the population is not sufficiently
informed about the social and medical service in PHC, which, in the opinion of
the beneficiaries, is necessary, but it is required to improve its quality and the
completeness of social services to the population. Most health personnel
positively assess the performance of social workers and apply to the PCA If
necessary, to solve socio-psychological problems with socially vulnerable
segments of the population, but for a large part of it, the legal and professional
status of the social worker in relation to the patient / beneficiary in health care.
Most of the social workers interviewed in PHC, to some extent, are satisfied
with their work, at the same time, half of the respondents have a need for a clear
delineation and increase of their professional competencies, including in the
implementation of specialized social and medical tasks in the framework of
diagnosing the formation Professional competencies of social workers in the
provision of social services in the health sector.
5. Using the different types, forms and methods, as well as high reliability of
the obtained results, the proposed technology has ensured the maximum
efficiency of the process of forming the professional competencies of the social
worker in the healthcare sphere, covering the entire training course for social
workers, creating conditions for the formation of theoretical readiness,
Knowledge in the activities to provide high-quality special social services to
individuals, caught in a difficult life situation. Evaluation of completeness of
tasks. The purpose of the dissertation research was achieved, while the
following tasks were accomplished:
1. The theoretical and methodological basis for the formation of professional
competencies of the social worker in the provision of social services in the field
of health care is analyzed taking into account the world professional experience
of scientists and practitioners.
2. Specific features and specific features of the formation of professional
competencies of the social worker in the provision of social services in the field
of health care using the PEST-analysis method are determined.
3. A client-oriented model of the formation of professional competencies of
the social worker in the provision of social services in the healthcare sphere was
developed; Based on methodological, adaptive-innovative and systemic
approaches.
4. Diagnostics of the formation of professional competencies of social
workers in the provision of social services in the field of health care; The
increase of the social and professional status of a social worker in the provision
of social services in the healthcare sphere directly depends on the
institutionalization of social work in the healthcare sector of the Republic of
Kazakhstan, where a competent management system, specialization and regular
professional development are the main factors for implementation.
5. A technology has been developed for the formation of professional
competencies of the social worker in the provision of social services in the
health sector, which provides qualitative changes (from the initial level of
preparedness to the resultant level).
Development of recommendations and initial data on the practical use of the
results. It is advisable to recommend the following directions and forms of
using the results obtained in the course of research on this topic:
The results of the dissertation research contribute to the study of the
development of social work in the field of health in the context of the formation
of professional competencies of social workers.
The results of the study, too, can be used in training and professional
development programs for social workers in the health sector.
The provisions and results of the dissertation research can be used in organizing
the activities of social workers in the field of health care, research work of
teachers and students, in the form of methodological recommendations for
social workers, and in organizing the activities of medical institutions at the
PHC level and other healthcare organizations.
Assessment of the scientific level of the work performed in comparison with the
best achievements in this field. It should be noted that in the world and national
sociological, social, medical, psychological sciences, various aspects of the
problems of the activity of social workers in the sphere of public health are
widely studied, and within them the formation of their professional
competencies. Recognizing the enormous contribution of existing research, in
our opinion, this dissertational research is an attempt to comprehensively study
the phenomenon of the formation of professional competencies of a social
worker in the provision of social services in the field of health care. Without
going into numerous definitions in author's studies, we note that the
interpretation of this category is diverse in the writings of a number of scientists
and today its different approaches have developed that show that they are close
in content and do not contradict, but complement each other and represent
knowledge of a single Goals. Each author, while giving a definition, tries to
highlight the aspect that was the subject of his special attention. Therefore, all
definitions have rights to a concrete existence and are worthy of approval. Each
study in itself is a new search aimed at improving our understanding of the
essence of this technology, and the developed recommendations provide an
opportunity to assess the level of solution of this issue to date.
Methodologically new is the combination of socio-medical, sociological, socio-
philosophical, socio-psychological approaches in analyzing the formation of
professional competencies. All this makes it possible to predict the specifics
and specifics of the formation of the social worker's professional competencies
in the provision of social services in the healthcare sphere.
The obtained results can be used as a scientific justification for the development
of the theory of the formation of the professional competences of the social
worker in the provision of social services in the field of health care and the
basis for training and upgrading the skills of social workers in health care.
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