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party of Syria (
К
DPS) which since 1960 to this day, is headed by its secretary general H.Darvish has been
created.
In 1962 the government «has managed» to spend population census in east province of Syria Dzhazira
that more than 150 thousand Kurds have got to the list «adjanib» — foreigners. According to the data of cen-
sus, the Syrian citizenship people who were under suspicion of special services have been deprived. Owing
to this «census» almost in each family one children have appeared citizens of the country, and others — for-
eigners. Reached that parents admitted citizens of Syria, and their children — foreigners [4, 23].
Soon after party Baas arrival to the power «book-project» of the head of department of police (safety)
of area Dzhazira of M.T.Hiljalja under the name «Research of national, social and political features of a
province of Dzhazira» has been published. The author of this project became the governor, and then the min-
ister of supply. The book written to it is impregnated by spirit of chauvinism. Its many thoughts have frankly
fascist character.
Khilyal has offered the plan which, in its opinion, should finish a Kurdish question once and for all. It
provided: deportation, resettlement and dispersion of Kurds; deprivation of their possibility to get education
and work; delivery of Turkey the Kurds who have escaped in revolts in Northern Kurdistan; kindling of con-
flicts among Kurds by means of a policy «divide and dominate»; realization of a policy of colonization, in-
cluding moving in Kurdish areas of «thoroughbred» Arabs; placing in areas of «a Kurdish belt» army parts
which should provide an embodiment in a life of measures on resettlement of Kurds and placing instead of
them Arabs; creation of collective farms and military training of Arabs moved in Kurdish areas; prohibition
to all persons who are not knowing the Arabian language to participate in elections and to be the elite; reset-
tlement Kurdish ulems in southern areas of the country and appointment instead of them ulemo-Arabs; carry-
ing out among the Arabian population of wide antikurdish explanatory work [4, 21].
This document has absorbed in itself reactionary ideas of the most extremist elements of party Baas, es-
pecially its ideologist Michel Afljak. The government has started an embodiment in a life of the plan of
Khilyal, without advertising it, having excluded some the most odious points.
Because Baas costs at fed boards and in Damascus, and Bagdad, much depends on it in definition of po-
litical weather in the Kurdish-Arabian relations, both in Iraq, and in Syria. Baas has passed some stages of
development, during each of which its position concerning the Kurdish people had the features.
The first stage of struggle of Baas for the power (1943–1961) has been noted by solving influence of
elements for which exclusive unscrupulousness of political behavior is characteristic. On the one hand, foun-
ders of Baas — Michel Afljak, Salah Bitar and figures similar to them considered that interests of the Ara-

244
bian countries demand close cooperation with Moscow. On the other hand they preached terry nationalism
and anticommunism. For the decision of national problems they offered sometimes the measures similar to
Hitler’s ideas from «Main kumpf». Leaders of Baas never entered into any front, a coalition or an alliance if
at these associations there was a Kurdish organization or if in their programs of actions the national rights of
the Kurdish people were mentioned. From its part Kurdish political parties and the organizations in Syria and
Iraq rather cautiously perceived slogans of Baas. They fairly considered that the Kurds side by side living
with Arabs, dividing centuries their grief and pleasure, have deserved kinder relation to.
Defeat of Arabs in six-day war against Israel has pushed baasists to revaluation of values, in particular
in a Kurdish question. The head Syrian baasist’s Hafez Asad which have realized necessity of adjustment of
cooperation with Kurds became one of the first leaders of Baas who has made it. «Corrective movement» is
connected with its coming to power in 1970, planned a new course of Damascus, including in relation to
Kurds. A mode Asad has improved matters the Syrian Kurds. If earlier in Syria arrested the Arab that it pub-
licly proclaimed: «Long live the Kurdish-Arabian brotherhood», XII national congress of baasists in 1975
has declared: «Our party cannot resist to interests in any way and to fair expectations of the Kurdish people,
on the contrary, she recognizes and supports its interests».
Slowly, but consistently political parties of various parts of Kurdistan have started to adjust relations
and cooperation with baasist’s regime in Syria. During the period with 1970 for 1900 Syria has turned to a
support and a refuge for many figures of the Kurdish democratic organizations.
Deterioration of a situation for Kurds has begun after the first war in Persian gulf when after occurrence
from UN Security Council blessing «Free Kurdistan» in Iraq certain circles in Syria together with ruling
modes of Turkey and Iran have started — to oppose creations of the Kurdish national centre and act till now.
Thus, such countries different in the orientation as Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria, are uniform in the aspi-
ration not to admit creation of the independent Kurdish state. Thus each of them exploits a Kurdish problem,
as the original tool of pressure in mutual relations with each other. The problem of Kurdish crisis is very nar-
rowly connected with interstate relations between Iran, Iraq and Turkey and the international relations on
Near and Middle East. Uneasy business with a problem of Kurds and on space of the former Soviet Union is.

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