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Contact Hours-4



Theme:

Lexics :”Lobular Pneumonia”

Grammar: The Tenses of Perfect Continuous

Aim: Lobular Pneumonia is disease of respiratory tract relation to infectious. That is why medical students ought to enrich their knowledge on this point of disease.

Action of control:
1.Give English equivalent to the next combinations:

- поступил в больницу

- диагноз дольчатый (лобулярная) пневмония

- болезнь развивался постепенно

- предшествовал бронхит

- жар нерегулярный

- новые очаги в легочный ткани
2.Give antonyms to the verbs from the Text:

- to admit - to diminish

- to improve -to make worse

- to accompany - to definite

- to occlusion -to increase

- to accelerate - to dilate

- to reduce - weakness

- to enlarge -to discharge from



3.Translate these sentences pay attention to use tenses:

1.При тяжелых формах пневмонии температура обычно держится на уровне 38 С.

2.Сейчас у этого больного держится температура 38 С вследствие тяжелой формы пневмонии.

3.У этого больного держится температура на уровне 38 С. уже в течение месяца.

4.Больной всегда соблюдал постельный режим при сердечных приступах.

5.Больной соблюдал постельный режим , когда у него появился сердечный приступ.

6.В связи сердечным заболеванием больной соблюдал постельный уже три недели.
4.Choose the appropriate verb. Translate the sentences:

1.When does the physician (expect, wait for) to discharge this patient from the hospital?

2.Please (wait for, expect) the doctor a little. He will be back soon.

3.The scientist (expected, waited for) that his investigations would enable him to determine the origin of the infectious process.


5.Compile the sentence from these words.

1 3 2 10 9 4 8

Before, the patient , treating, its aetiology , to determine, it is , and,



6 5 11 7

to make a correct diagnosis, necessary, the causes of the disease , of the disease .


a) 1321197104658 c)1123564789101

b)1234567891011 d)2587413691011



6.Puzzle
a etiology ,pathogenesis ,mechanism, visual ,palpation ,percussion ,auscultation , custoscopy ,edema, haemorrhage, objective ,subjective ,vomiting ,evident, breathlessness, dizziness , establish, determine, patient, fever, symptoms, headache, cough, X-ray, analyses, determine, drug, sputum , treat, overgrow, intracostal,


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7.Read the passages and answer the questions:

1.Patient Omorov was treated at the hospital. His temperature was taken every morning. He was given the prescribed medicine and the intramuscular injection of vitamin B6.



Who carried out the administrations?
2.My grandmother has a high temperature. Her blood analysis shows a considerable increase of the white blood cell count. Her first and second heart sounds are greatly decreased. Her electrocardiogram shows abnormal findings.

Where must she be treated?

8.Give the words of the opposite meaning:

- to diminish –

- suddenly –

- to be constant-

- to be come worse –

- changeable –

- to fall /to drop/ -

- to include –

- malignant –

- seldom –

- sufficiency –

- a gain in weight -


9.Give the words of the close meaning:

- a symptom -

- in addition to -

- to be troubled by -

- to give attention -

- to -


- to pass through -

- an injury-

- an impairment -

- to spread -

- a return of a disease -

- to fees-

-to attack –
10.Choose the appropriate word from those given in brackets:
1. As the condition of the patient had been gradually improving his temperature________________ considerably /reduced, rose/

2. Severe attacks of angina pectoris are accompanied by ____________ pain radiating

down the arm /sharp, moderate/

3. If the patient is suffering from rheumatic endocarditic his pulse becomes ______________ on physical exertion /accelerated, slow/

4. Partial arrest of blood circulation often results in ______________ to brain cells / the recovery, the damage/

Contact Hours 4


Theme: Lexics: Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Clinical Picture


Grammar: Past Perfect Continuous

Aim:

  • Students should familiarize with new lexics of the theme;

  • To make the sentences and translate them;

  • Use lexics minimum in their speech;

  • To translate the words and word-combinations with the lexical minimum.


Basic thematic issues:

  • The students will get acquainted with Pulmonary Tuberculosis;

  • The students should know lexics and grammar material.


Methods of teaching: performing practical class, doing lexical exercises, working with book.
Remember:

Perfect Continuous (Past Tense)
Formula: had been + ing + form

I I


He/she He/she

It It


We had been examining We had not been examining

They They

You You

I

He/she



Had It been examining?

We


They

You


Contact Hours – 3


  1. Give the Present Participle Form of the following verbs:

To cause, to examine, to produce, to change, to discharge, to accompany, to reveal, to involve, to range, to persist.


  1. Translate into Russian. Pay attention to the use of Past Perfect continuous in the following sentences:

  1. The patient’s high temperature had been changing but persisting for two weeks.

  2. The patient’s temperature had been persisting at a level of 38 C for about a month.

  3. Although the patient had been receiving the injections of streptomycin for several days, he showed little improvement.

  4. The patient had been complaining of a considerably muscular pain before he was admitted to the hospital.

  5. The patient had been coughing for a month by the time he was admitted to the hospital.




  1. Read and translate words and word-combinations in the brackets:

  1. It is sometimes difficult to make a correct diagnosis (в ранних стадиях) of some diseases. 2. (Потеря аппетита) is a very important symptom, which a physician must always pay particular attention to. 3. (Повышение температуры) has been persisting for several months since it was a pneumonic form of tuberculosis. 4. Dullness in the lungs, accelerated respiration, dry or moist rules and crepitation may be (доказательством) of lobular pneumonia. 5. (Резкое увеличение) of the number of leucocytes is often the evidence of a certain inflammatory process in the human body.




  1. Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:

Affect (v) – поражение

Causative agent (n) – возбудитель

Stage (n) – стадия, ступень

Malaise (n) – недомогание

Fatigue (n) – усталость

Loss (n) – потеря, утрата

Pus (n) – гной

Involve (v) – поражать, вовлечь

Profuse (a) – обильный, чрезмерный

Permanent (a) – постоянный

Benign (a) – доброкачественный

Elevation (n) – повышение, поднятие

Perspiration (n) – потение

Evidence (n) – очевидность




  1. Find in the right column the equivalents of English words in the left one:




  1. Causative agent гной

  2. Malaise доброкачественный

  3. Fatigue постоянный

  4. Benign потение

  5. Perspiration возбудитель

  6. Pus недомогание

  7. Permanent усталость


  1. Read and translate the following word-combinations into Russian:




  1. To complain of a general malaise

  2. A general malaise is one of the symptoms of tuberculosis

  3. A marked fatigue

  4. To suffer from a slight fatigue

  5. The discharge containing much pus

  6. Much pus was found in the sputum

  7. A benign tumor was revealed in the lungs

  8. Benign important of the kidney.




  1. Rearrange the mixed letters and write the words:




  1. Btueruclosis

  2. Nebign

  3. Tafiuge

  4. Sup

  5. Lamsaie

Contact Hours – 3.



Work on the text.


  1. Read the text and translate it.

Do the tasks below.

Text C. Pulmonary Tuberculosis – Clinical Picture


Pulmonary tuberculosis is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, which produces characteristic tuberculous changes in the lung. This disease may also affect other organs: bones, joints, lymphatic glands, kidneys, etc. The causative agent of tuberculosis was discovered by Koch in 1882.

In the early stage of tuberculosis the patient usually complains of a general malaise, fatigue, loss of appetite and bodyweight. Cough may be dry or productive, i.e. with sputum discharge. Coughing becomes worse at night and in the morning. In patient with cavities in the lungs coughing is accompanied by a considerable discharge of sputum.

Sputum is mucopurulent. Its microscopic examination reveals a large number of pus corpuscles, erythrocytes, and tuberculous organisms. Blood in the sputum is sometimes the first sign of tuberculosis. If large blood vessels are involved the discharge of blood may become profuse.

Fever is one of the permanent symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis. In benign processes the body temperature is often subfebrile. In active forms it may range from 38 to 39C. A considerable elevation of temperature is observed in pneumonic forms, when fever persists at a level of 38C and higher for several months.

Cold profuse perspiration at night is sometimes evidence of a severe form of tuberculosis. Loss of body weight is one of the typical signs of pulmonary tuberculosis. It is caused by tuberculous intoxication, a sharp increase in the metabolic rate and loss of appetite. Loss of body weight is particularly marked in progressive forms of the disease.



  1. Translate the following word-combinations into English.

Легочный туберкулез, поражать легкие и другие органы, возбудитель туберкулеза, общее недомогание, значительное выделение мокроты, первый признак туберкулеза, большие кровеносные сосуды, холодно потоотделение ночью, потеря аппетита, прогрессирующая форма заболевания, повышения температуры.


  1. Read and translate the following words and word-combinations:

A general malaise;

A considerable fatigue;

A marked fatigue;

A slight fatigue;

A thick pus;

A benign tumor;


  1. Compile the sentence from these words:

1 3 8 6 7 4 5 2

Fever, one, tuberculosis, of, pulmonary, of the permanent, symptoms, is.



  1. 78132654

  2. 12345678

  3. 56872134



  1. Complete the sentences with facts from the text.

  1. Pulmonary tuberculosis is caused by …

  2. Cough may be …

  3. Sputum is …

  4. Blood in the sputum is …

  5. In benign processes the body temperature is …

  6. Loss of bodyweight is one …


  1. Retell the text using of the words with scheme:







Literature:

  1. A. M. Maslova “Essential English”

  2. Raymond Murphy, ‘Essential Grammar in use’ second edition, Cambridge University press.

Contact Hours (4)

Theme:

Lexics:Botkin`s Disease

Grammar: Present Participle.

Aim: to teach the students to describe clinical picture of Botkin`s disease and to tell about research work of prominent scintists, studing the problem of Hepatitis, to study new lexical and grammar material and to use it in their speech
Basic thematic issues:

Lexics: Hepatitis A,B,C is wide-spread epidemic disease. Suding of its clinical picture is important for students future work as doctors-therapentists. Prominent scientists R. Virchow, S.P.Botkin, M.P. Konchilovsky studied the problem of Hepatitis. Suding of their scientific-research work is very important for the development of students` general knowledge and their prfessional medical education.In texts “Botkin`s disease”, “Type of Hepatitis”new lexics and special English medical terminology are widely used. Studing of special english medical terminology helps the students to read and translate more comlicated medical texts and is very important for their future professional work.
Grammar

Present Participle



  1. Present Participle is formed from verbal Infinitive with the help of ending –ing as corresponds to Russian Active Participle with suffixes:

-ущ(ющ), -ащ(ящ): to carry-carring несущий

(-ая, -ее, -ие)



  1. for the preservation of short vocal reading in closed syllable the end consonant is donbled by Present Participle formation:

tosit-sitting сидящий

  1. In case when the verb ends –ie, this lettercombination is changed on –yby Present Participle formation, and the ending is added:

to lie –lying лежащий

  1. In case when the verb ends on –e, this letter islost by adding of-ing

To take- taking берущий

Functions of Present Participle, of translation and forms are shown in Table 1.2


Table №1
Fanctions of Present Participle and ways of its Translation


Examples

Translation into Russian language

Functions

Ways of translation

1. The examining techer is in Room 15.

1.Экзаменующий преподаватель находится в 15 аудитории.

1.Attribute

1. причастием с суффиксами –ущ, -ющ, ащ, -ящ, вши(й)

2. The man examining a patient is our doctor.

2. Человек, осматривающий, наш врач.

2.Part of Attributive Participle Cunstruction

2. причастным оборотом

3. Examinig the patient the doctor listened to his heart.

3. Осматривая больного, врач прослушал ему сердце

3. Adverbial modifier of time and reason

3,4. деепричастием с суффиксами –а, -я в деепричастном обороте.

The doctor was standing near the patient examining him atentively.

4. Врач стоял возле больного, внимательно осматривая его.

4. Adverbial modifier of action and others





Methods of teaching:

Contact Hour №1

1. Remember:

The lettercombination –ing is usually read as [ŋ]:

among [`m۸ŋ]

Jingle [`dзiŋgl]

liking [`laiking]

living [`liviŋ]



2. Pay attention to the pronunciation and read the words:

affecting, beliving, having, durking, sufering, being, among, consulting, bleeding


3. Remember the pronunciation of the following words. Find their translation below.

Hepatitis [hepətaitis], viral [`vaiərəl], infective [in`fektiv]

Инфекционный, гепатит,(воспаление печени), вирусный.
4. Learn the following words. Pay attention to their pronunciation.



hepatic |hi'pæetik] а печеночный

bile [bail] n жёлчь

duct [dAkt] n проток

jaundice ['d3a:ndis] n желтуха,

желтушность



advance [əd'va:ns] v выдвигать

(теорию, идею); продвигаться

вперед

effort ['еfәt] п усилие




elderly ['eldali] а пожилой

survive [sə'vaiv] v выживать,

остаться в живых, уцелеть;

перенести (операцию)

source [sэ:s] я источник
entire [in'taiə] а весь, целый
subsequent ['sAbsikwənt] а после-
дующий
simultaneous [,simal'teinjəs] a одновременный


5. Read and translate the following words and wordcombination.

1. jaundice ['d3эo:ndis]i severe jaundice, to suffer from severe jaundice, jaundice was clearly marked;

2. survive [səa'vaiv]: to survive an injury, the patient sur­vived the operation well, some viruses survive at a high temperature;

3. source [so:s]: a source of infection, a source of know­ledge, the source of virus is a sick person;

4. inadequately [in'ædikwitli]: inadequate, the patient was given an inadequate dose of medicine, inadequately treated;

5. subsequently ['sAbsikwsntli]: subsequent, subsequent examination, to invade other organs subsequently;

6. simultaneously [,siməlteinjəasli]: simultaneous, simul­taneous impairment, to be impaired simultaneously

6. Read the words and translate the sentences:

1. incubation [,inkju'beijn]: Incubation period is the time during which pathogenic microorganisms grow in the body.



2. prodromal [,prэdro(u)m(ə)l]: Prodromal period is the time when the characteristic symptoms of an infectious disease have not appeared yet, but the patient feels a gener-al malaise.

3. parenterally [pa'rentsrali]: All intramuscular and intravenous injections are given parenterally, i.e. directly into the organism but not orally.

4. serum ['siәram]: Serum is the watery fluid which remains after blood has coagulated.

7. Match the words A and B


A

a) severe

b) high

c) incubation



b) pathogenic

e) intravenous
B

1. person

2. microorganismis

3. temperature

4. injection

5. jaundice


Contact Hour № 2
II. 1. Read the sentences and compare them with the translation.

1. The operating surgeon must always have the necessary set of surgical instruments.

1. Оперирующий хирург всегда должен иметь необходимый набор хирургических инструментов.

2. The man sitting at the window is

our doctor.

2. Человек, сидящий у окна,- наш

врач.


3 Lying in bed the patient was answering the doctor's questions.


3. Лежа в постели, больной

отвечал на вопросы врача

4. Carrying on the medical examination of the patient the doctor measured his blood pressure.


4.Проводя медицинский осмотр больного, врач измерил ему кровяное давление.


2. Read the grammar material and answer the questions.

a) How is Present Participle formed?

b) What changes are made when forming Present Participle from the verbs with the endings ie, e?

c) Why is the letter t doubled in Present Participle "sitting"?

d) What syntactic functions does Present Participle have?

3. Write Present Participle of the following verbs and translate them.

to bite, to face, to remain, to adjoin, to characterize, to treat



  1. Макс up six sentences of your own, using Present Participle in them

Contact Hour№4
1. Read and translate the texts A and В

Text A. Botkin's Disease

Botkin's disease, or the so-called epidemic or infectious hepatitis, is an acute viral disease affecting hepatic cells and bile ducts.

The prominent German scientist Virchow believing it to be due to obstruction of the common bile duct with mucus during inflammatory processes in the duodenum, the dis­ease was called catarrhal jaundice.

But in1880 the prominent Russian scientist S. Botkin having advanced the idea of an infectious origin of this disease, proved his suggestions by such facts as the in­volvement in this pathologic process not only of the liver but also of the nervous system, the kidneys, the enlarge­ment of the spleen, etc.

But it was not before 1940 that the term "Botkin's disease" was introduced into medicine due to the efforts of the well-known Soviet physician M. Konchalovsky.

Botkin's disease occurs in epidemic form. This disease more commonly affects children, adults as well as elderly persons suffering from it frequently too.

Botkin's disease is known to be due to a filterable virus present in the blood, liver and found in stool and urine. The virus is infective only for man. As this virus can not be seen under a usual microscope, it is revealed only by an electronic one.Being highly infective the virus survives in water, food, and on hands for days and weeks.


Text B.Types of Hepatitis.

In hepatitis the source of virus is a sick person who may spread the infection by personal contact from the last days of the incubation period during the entire course of the disease. But the infection is particularly virulent in the prodromal period and in the first week of the dis­ease. The patient's blood being highly infective, even a small dose of 0.1 ml may be dangerous for a person

In case of Virus A hepatitis infection enters the body through the mouth when eating infected food or drinking water. In case of Virus В hepatitis infection enters paren-teraly during transfusions of blood, plasma and serum, prop-hylactic vaccinations or is due to inadecuateiy sterilized instruments. Epidemic (Virus A) hepatitis most commonly occurs late in autumn, early in winter, or in spring. The incuba-tion period lasts from 14 days to 50 days, but in Virus В hepatitis it is from 2 to 6-8 months.

Botkin's disease causes inflammatory changes and degen-eration of hepatic cells and damage to the bile ducts due to which bile enters the lymph flow and subsequently the blood. The tissues of the spleen, gallbladder and the nerv-ous and endocrine systems become involved simultaneously. with the liver. .


Find in the text A the translation of the following word combinations:


1. закупорка общего желчного протока; 2. благодаря усилиям; 3. а также пожилые люди; 4. печеночные клетки; 5. выживают в воде и пище; 6. увеличение селезенки; 7. острое вирусное заболевание; 8. воспалительный про­цесс
3. Quote the sentences in which the following words and word combinations are used in text B.

Sorece of virus, sick person, incubation period, prodromal period, small dose, drinking water, inadecuately sterilized instruments, epidemic hepatitis, incubation period, hepatis cells, bile ducts, nervous and endocrine system.




4. Find in the texts all sentences, in which Present Participle is used.

Make up 4 sentences of your own according to the main contents of the texts, using Present Participle in them
5. Make up the plans of the texts: “Botkin`s Disease”, “Types of Hepatitis”

Botkin`s Disease

Plan


  1. Definition of Botkin`s Disease.

  2. R. Virchov`s opinion about the origin of this disease.

  3. S.P. Botkin`s ideas about infections origin of this disease.

  4. M.P Konchalovsky`s scintific activity.

  5. Epidemic occurrence of Botkin`s Disease.

  6. Filterable virus, causing Botkin`s Disease.

Types of Hepatitis

Plan


  1. Source of Hepatitis infection. Prodromal period of this disease

  2. Ways of Hepatitis infection entering into human body

  3. Incubation period of hepatitis A and B.

  4. Clinical picture of Bokin`s disease

Literature:



  1. Maslova A.M. Essential English for medical students. Moscow 2002.

  2. Maslova A.M. Language laboratory. Exercises for medical students. Moscow 2002.

  3. Maslova A.M. Essential vocabulary for medical students. Moscow 2002.

Control:


Questions to the theme

Botkin`s Disease



  1. What human organs are affected by epidemic or infection hepatitis?

  2. What investigation did German scientist R. Virchov perform, connected with the problem of the hepotitis?

  3. What ideashad S.P Botkin about infections origin of hepatitis?

  4. What research work did Russian scintist M.P Konchilovsky perform, connected with the probles of hepatitis?

  5. What form does Botkin`s disease occur in?

  6. What virus causes Botkin`s disease?

Types of Hepatitis




  1. Who is the source of Hepatitis virus? When Hepatitis infection is particularly virulent?

  2. What way does Hepatitis infection enter human body in?

  3. How many days does the incubation period of Hepatitis last?

  4. What pathoplogic changes occur in human organism by hepatitis?


Contact hours (4)
Theme: Acute Cholecystitis.

Lexics: Word and word combination from the Text.

Grammar: Absolute Participle Construction

Hours: 3

Aim: Students must acquire the knowledge of this disease, widen their wordstock and be able to use ammased study in their future life. To develop students speaking, listening, reading and writing skills by working with the Text and grammar material.
Control.
Contact hour №1

Remind the Grammar

-Present and Past Participles

-Past Partisiple of regular,irregular verbs.
I.Give the present Partisiple of the given words:

to isolate-

associate-

complain-

preceed-

observe-


give-

treat-


II.Give the Past Partisiple of the given words:

know-


sell-

stand-


read-

swim-


stop-

translate-



III.Make up an adequate form of partisiple in Absolute Partisiple Construction from the infinitives in brackets and translate:

1.It (to be),the first week of hepatitis was particulary virulent.

2.The liver (to be involved),in the inflammatory pracess,the tissues of the spleen,gallbladder and the nervous endocrine system will become impaired as well..

3.Emergensy surgery(to have been performed),for gangrenous appendicitis a year before,the patient was relieved of all painful symptoms.

4.Profuse gastric bleeding(to have bee arrested),the danger to the patient life was eliminated.

5.Translate the sentences in Absolute Partisiple Construction.

1.We observed the surgeon operating on this patient

2.The diagnosis of purulent gangrenous cholecystitis having been made,an emergency operation was performed

3.The patient has been suffering form abdominal bleeding,it being severe and profuse.

CONTACT HOUR № 2

1.Find the pairs of synonyms and remember:

Preventive, to revise, about, radiate, to involve, acute, to resulting to detirmine, lesion, entire,



2.Find the pairs of antonyms:

To elevate,to recover,to deminish,appromimately,dry,empty,sharp,base,



3.Find the proper translation of the words on the right column from the left one.

Sharp восполение

Umbilical связанный с

Ducts острый

Inflammation Чувствительность

Sensitivity Бледный

Pale Болезненность

Tenderness Проток

Associate with пупочный

4.Translate the word combination into Russian:

Inflammatory disease, is know to occur rarely, involvement of the liver, to complain og intense pain, fatty food and alcohol,pain grows much worse, severe tenderness, achieved by surgical treatment

5.Find the rood of the given words and translate:

Involvement, association, intensive, localized, responsibility, observation, independent, sensitivity, irritation, dangerous, dryness, isolation.


CONTACT HOUR № 3

I.Use the verbs in brackets in the approprite tense of the Indefinite group.Translate the sentences

1.Products of protein,fatt and ccarbohydrate digestion (to be absosrved) from the gastrointestinal tract by the liver in wich they(to undergo) furhur chemical processes.

2.The liver (to destroy)toxic substances which ussully (to be formed) in the intestinal tract as well as some poisons wich (to enter) the body from without.

2.Translate the sentences using Absolute Partisiple Construction into English


1.Когда врач пальпировал печень, болезненность отличалась на три пальца ниже реберного края.

2.Иногда желчнокаменная болезнь сопровождается осложнениями, причем развитие холецистита является наиболее частым.



3.Make up sentences of your own using each of the given words first as a subject and then as an attribute:

Heart, blood, lymph, serum, nerve


4.Rearrange the mixed letters to make words.

Sitiscysolech ..................

utecA ..................

taiepn ..................

mbulciail ...................

Contact Hours (4)

Work out

Theme: “Atherosclerosis and its Treatment”

Lexics: The words and word-combinations of the theme

Grammar: Complex Object

Urgency of the theme:

Atherosclerosis is one of the diseases of the cardiovascular system which is due to many causes. There are a number of factors which may determine its development.

It’s important to know the treatment of any disease if you are going to be a doctor; students have to show their interests in etiology and pathogenesis of the diseases.
The aim of the lesson:

Students are to know:



  • new words and word-combinations of the text

  • complex object

  • the text “Atherosclerosis and its Treatment”

Students are to be able to:

  • use new lexims in their speech

  • use and find the complex object in the sentences

  • answer the questions

  • make up a dialogue on the theme

On basic knowledge:

Points of the lesson preparing:

  1. Consolidation of the previous lesson

  2. Complex Object

On the theme of the present lesson:

  1. Complex Object

  2. “Atherosclerosis and its Treatment”

  3. The words and word-combinations of the theme

Informative – didactic part of the lesson

The material is in aid of developing reading, listening, speaking skills. Pre reading activities comprise introducing the new lexics, keeping in mind and draw their attention to the correct spelling and pronunciation. Learn the new grammar material (look at the grammar reference)



Contact Hour № 1

Remember: в английском языке дополнение может состоять из группы слов, в состав который входит существительное или местоимение в косвенном падеже и инфинитив глагола, такое дополнение называется сложным.

I know this surgeon (him) to operate on successfully.

Я знаю, что этот хирург (он) оперирует успешно.

I want you to come at 5.

Я хочу, чтобы вы пришли в 5 часов.

1) Сложное дополнение употребляется после глаголов:

а) выражающих желание: to want – хотеть; to wish, to desire – желать; should like, would like – хотел бы;

б) выражающих предположение: to expect – ожидать; to think – думать; to believe – полагать; считать; to suppose – полагать; to consider - считать; to find – находить, признавать;

в) выражающих приказание, просьбу, разрешение: to order, to command – приказывать; to ask – просить; to allow – разрешать и др.
Contact Hour № 2

1. Find Complex object and translate the sentences:

The physician considered the incidence of heart attacks to be associated with the nervous overstrain. The doctor wants me to have undergone the course of treatment by the end of the week. We noticed the most characteristic symptoms of rheumatic endocarditis have been eliminated since the administration of those preparations.


2. Change the sentences using the complex object.

1. The teacher said to the pupils: “Learn the rule.”

-The teacher wanted…

2.”Be careful, or else you will spill the milk,” said my mother to me. -My mother did not want…

3. “My daughter will go to a ballet school,” said the woman.

-The woman wanted…



4. The man said: “My son will study mathematics.”

-The man wanted…



5. “Oh, father, buy me this toy, please,” said the little boy.

-The little boy wanted…



6. “Wait for me after school,” said Ann to me.

-Ann wanted…



3. Finish the sentences using Complex Object and translate

1.I have never seen … a) как больному снимают электрокардиограмму; б) как сестра делает внутривенное вливание. 2. I would like … а) чтобы больной прошел курс рентгенотерапии; б) чтобы мой диагноз был подтвержден рентгенологическим обследованием. 3. We did not expect … а) что у этого больного будет обнаружена сердечно – сосудистая недостаточность: б) что воспалительный процессе в сердечных клапанах будет таким тяжелым.



4. Translate the sentences using Complex Object from Russian into English.

Я хочу, чтобы все дети смеялись. Мне хотелось бы, чтобы доктор посмотрел его. Я ненавижу, когда ты забываешь свои обязанности. Пожалуйста, не заставляйте меня пить молоко. Она хочет, чтобы его картины видели во всех странах. Ребенок хотел, чтобы его мишку положили к нему в постель. Вы хотите, чтобы эту картину повесили над камином?


Contact Hour № 3

Work on words

1. Listen and pay attention to the pronunciation of the following words and get down them in your vocabulary.

2. Repeat after the speaker.

atherosclerosis атересклероз

metabolic относящийся к обмену веществ

carbohydrate углевод

cardiovascular сердечно-сосудистый

hereditary наследственный, потомственный; переходящий из поколения

в поколение

congenital врожденный, природный

overstrain перенапряжение

vascular сосудистый

contraction сокращение

heart failure внезапная остановка сердечной деятельности, паралич сердца

to diminish убывать, уменьшаться

worse худший

changeable меняющийся, непостоянный, изменчивый,

seldom редко, нечасто, изредка

sufficiency достаток

malignant злобный, злостный

lipotropic substances липотропное вещество

regimen режим (включая диету, физическую зарядку, здоровый образ жизни)

1. Give the words of the opposite meaning:

to diminish, suddenly, to be constant, to become worse, changeable, to fall, to include, malignant, seldom, sufficiency, a gain in weight.



2. Give the synonyms to these words and translate them

Hereditary, overstrain, vascular, contraction, worse, diminish, suddenly, seldom, congenital, regimen, lipotropic substances



3. Give English equivalents to:

Врожденный порок сердца, принять эффективные меры, внезапная остановка сердца, трепетание предсердий, нарушение кровоснабжения, внешние признаки, профилактические меры, умственное перенапряжения.



4. Translate the following word combinations:

To administer an adequate dose of medicine, to make an incision on the cardiac wall, to complain of a general malaise and fatigue, congenital heart defects, to undergo the course of x-ray treatment, to result in heart failure.



5. Match the words and word combinations


A

B

suffering

of blood

congenital

from cardiac diseases

besides

in the damage

heart

failure

arrest

heart defect

result

in such cases



Contact Hour № 4

Work on the text:

1. Listen to the text “Atherosclerosis and its Treatment”

2. Read and translate the text, using your active vocabulary

3. Find the sentences with these words or word-combinations and translate them:

Cardiovascular, metabolic, sufficient, regimen, atherosclerosis, lipotropic substances, external evidence, mental overstrain, cholesterol exchange.



4. Find the sentences with Complex Object in this text and translate them:

5. Fill in the necessary word or word combination:

1. ….. is one of the diseases of the cardiovascular system which is due to many causes. 2. Prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis consist mainly of a certain ……. for the patient. 3. The diet of the patients with atherosclerosis must contain ……. Amount of proteins, but fats and carbohydrates must be taken in very limited doses. 4. Vitamins are widely used in the treatment of atherosclerosis because some of them improve the ……… processes and other dilate the vessels.

6. read the text and give English equivalents to these word combinations:

Внешние признаки, профилактические меры, умственное перенапряжение, крепкий сон, врожденный порок сердца, нарушение кровоснабжение.




  1. Express the central idea of the first paragraph

  2. Give the summary of the text.

  3. Retell the text.

Home task: Part 1

a) Do exercises from work-out;

b) Learn grammar material;

c) Learn the essential vocabulary of the theme.



Recommended Literature:

  1. the text “Atherosclerosis and its Treatment”;

  2. materials of the department;

  3. “Essential English for medical students”. A. M. Maslova



Contact Hour № 5

1. Define the Complex Object

I expected my sister to be operated on as soon as her temperature retuned to normal. The physician wanted my mother to be following a bed regimen for several days. The cardiologist considered the electrocardiogram waves to have changed after the heart attack. The physician supposed the intensity of the shadow in the lung to decrease after the treatment



2. Explain why in these cases particle “to” doesn’t use.

The investigator observed the primary manifestation of the disease be _______ associated with the reduction of the number of Erythrocytes.

The surgeon noticed the amount of pus in the mucopurulent discharge from the wound _______ has been decreasing. The examiner saw the marked shadowing in the lung ________ have areas of various intensity.

3. Complete the questions using Complex Object and translate

Do you want __________ ?

Did you hear ___________ ?

Did anybody make _________?

Did your parents want _________?

Who has noticed __________?



4. Find the Complex Object.

The physician considered the incidence of heart attacks to be associated with the nervous overstrains. I know this surgeon to operate on successfully. The doctor wants me to have undergone the course of treatment by the end of the week. I want you to come at five. He sees me write exercises every evening.

1. Give Russian equivalents to:

Congenital heart defects, to result in heart failure, to make an incision on the cardiac wall, to radiate to the back and arm, to undergo the rupture of the blood vessel, to administer an adequate dose of medicine, to complain of a general malaise and fatigue.



2. Give English equivalents to:

Крепкий сон, принять эффективные меры, внезапная остановка сердца, трепетание предсердий, нарушение кровоснабжения, внешние признаки, профилактические меры, умственное перенапряжения.



3. Give the words of the opposite meaning:

a symptom

in addition to

to be troubled by

to give attention

to pass through

an impairment

to spread

a return of a disease

to fees


to attack

Contact Hour № 6

Puzzle

Find the following words in this puzzle.

Atherosclerosis, vascular, apex, interspace, costal, atrium, valve, vessel, blood, contraction, muscle, chamber, dilate, murmur, overstrain, congenital, cardiovascular, appearance

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  1. Express the central idea of the second paragraph

  2. Give the summary of the text.

  3. Retell the text.

Home task: Part 2

  1. Do exercises from work-out;

  2. Learn grammar material;

  3. Retell the text “Atherosclerosis and its Treatment”.

Recommended Literature:

  1. the text “Atherosclerosis and its Treatment”;

  2. materials of the department;

  3. “Essential English for medical students”. A. M. Maslova


Contact hours (4)

Work out for practical study
Theme:

Lexics: Rheumatic Endocarditis

Grammar: Complex Object

Aim: familiarization with new lexics, to study grammar material and to use in their speech, to teach the students to prepare dialogues
Basic thematic issues:

Lexics: The medical students will treat people and fight against different diseases. They must perfect their knowledge in medicine and master the English language as concerned with the given active vocabulary of the theme and grammar material.

Grammar: In English language the grammar Complex Object

Methods of teaching: Performing practical class, doing lexical exercises, working with book, pay

Pat attention to correct spelling and pronunciation.



Contact Hour № 1

Remind Grammar (look at the grammar references): Complex object may consist of a noun (pronoun) and Participle I. This grammar construction is translated into Russian as a subordinate clause with the conjunction КАК

Remember the pronunciation of the following words and word combinations, and learn them:

palpitation [,palpi'teiЅn] n - сильное сердцебиение, трепетание

onset ['onset] n - начало; приступ

precede [pri'si:d] v - предшествовать



moderate ['mDderit] a - умеренный; средний

reading [ri:diŋz] n - показания (прибора)

slight [slait] a - слабый, тонкий; незначительный; легкий

confirm [kәn’fә:m] v - подтверждать

murmur [mә:mә] п - шум

duration [djuə'reiЅn] n - продолжительность

insist [in'sist] v - настаивать (с предлогом on)

strict [strikt] a – строгий
1.Read the words in transcription and write them:
[mә:mә] -

[.pælpiteiЅn] –

[in’sist] –

[djuə’reiЅn] –

['moderit] –

['onset] –



['sΛb'fi:brail] –

['maitrәl] –

[ig'zə: Ѕ(ә)n] –

2. Read and translate the word - combinations from English into Russian:
general malaise, early fatigue, cardiac discomfort, body temperature, a subfebrile
level, the patient's pulse rate, the most important readings, a soft systolic murmur.
3. Find the proper translation of the word - combination from the right column to
those from the left one:

физический (телесный) осмотр the body temperature

строгий постельный режим an inflammatory process

верхушка сердца heard murmur

органические изменения the physical examination

воспалительный процесс a strict bed regimen

шум сердца the heart apex

температура тела the organic changes


4. Translate into English:

Сильное сердцебиение, важные показания прибора, начало болезни, анализ крови, рентгеновский осмотр, продолжительность болезни.


Contact Hour №2

Work on grammar:

  1. Read and compare the following sentences:

  1. The patients saw the doctor enter the ward.

  2. Больные видели, что врач входит в палату.

  3. He left the pain increase.

  4. Он чувствовал, что боль усиливается.

  5. The students watched the nurse give an injection.

  6. Студенты наблюдали, как медсестра делает укол.

2. Find Complex Object in the following sentences:

I expected my sister to be operated on as soon as her temperature returned to normal. The physician wanted my mother to be following a bed regimen for several days. The cardiologist considered the electrocardiogram waves to have changed after the heart attack. The physician supposed the intensity of the shadow in the lung to decrease after the treatment.


3. Find Complex Object and translate them:

The investigator observed the primary manifestations of the disease be associated with the reduction of the number of erythrocytes. The surgeon noticed the amount of pus in the mucopurulent discharged from the wound have been decreasing. The examiner saw the marked shadowing in the lung have areas of various intensity.


4. Make up six sentences of your own, using the Complex object.
Contact Hour№3

  1. Read and translate the text " Rheumatic Endocarditis "

  2. Find in the text the sentences with the following word-combinations and translate them:

a prolonged period of time; on physician exertion; on percussion; to be slightly enlarged; by X-ray examination; tricuspid valves; at the in patient department; the onset of the disease; to be varying in their intensity.
3. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and word -
combinations:

подтверждать, очевидно, предшествовало тонзиллитом, самые важные показания прибора, воспалительный процесс, ревматический эндокардит, сильное сердцебиение, симптомы, настаивать на строгом постельном режиме, электрокардиограмма показала, аорта.




  1. Find in the text the sentences with Complex object and translate them.

  2. Makeup 7 questions about the text. Work in pairs.


Contact Hour № 4

1. Answer to the following questions using the text information:

a) What most characteristic clinical manifestations has rheumatic endocarditis? b) What readings does the electrocardiogram show in case of rheumatic endocarditis?

c) How can a therapeutist determine the enlargement of the hart?

d)How ca systolic and diastolic heart murmurs be revealed in patients with rheumatic endocarditis?

e)What regimen must a patient with rheumatic endocarditis follow?
2. Give a summary of the text.

3. Work in pairs. Make the dialogues on the text "Rheumatic Endocarditis" in the
following situations:


  1. Between two doctors

  2. Between a doctor and a patient

  3. Between two patients



Contact Hour №5

Puzzle

Find the following words in this puzzle:

Palpitation, murmur, onset, inflammatory, examination, heart, cardiologist, duration




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  1. Finish the sentences using Complex Object:

1.I have never seen … (а) как больному снимают электрокардиограмму; (б) как сестра делает внутривенное вливание; 2. I would like … (а) чтобы больной прошел курс рентгенотерапии; (б) чтобы диагноз был подтвержден рентгенологическим обследованием; 3. We did not expect … (а) что у этого больного будет обнаружена сердечно – сосудистая недостаточность; (б) что воспалительный процесс в сердечных клапанах будет таким тяжелым.

2. Use Complex Object instead of the subordinate clause:

1. The therapeutist did not think chills would recur after this course of treatment . 2. At the follow –up examination the surgeon noticed that the patient had become better nourished. 3. Everybody believed that the initial diagnosis would be confirmed by X- ray examination and laboratory examinations.

Contact Hour №6

Home task: Part 1

  1. Do exercises from work-out

  2. Learn grammar material

  3. Learn the active vocabulary of the theme by heart

  4. Translate the text

Part 2

  1. Do exercises from the work-out

  2. Revise grammar material

  3. Make up a plan of the text retelling.

  4. Retell the text "Rheumatic Endocarditis"

Recommended literature:

  1. The text "Rheumatic Endocarditis"

  2. Materials of the department

  3. Maslova A.M. "Essential English for medical students".


Оқытушы мен студенттің өзіндік жұмысына арналған әдістемелік ұсыныстар
пән: Ағылшын тілі IY а 1103

Мамандық: 051102 « Қоғамдық денсаулық сақтау»


Кафедра: шет тілі

Құрастырды: Жантасова С.О. Сыдыкова К.

Лозенко И.В. Карымсаков А.С.

Султанова Н.Т. Жумагулова К.Ж.

Киякбаев Б.У. Алибаева Р.Н.

Сабырбаева Н.

Абдижами Д.

Алматы, 2008




Work – out

For students’ self-studying under the guidance of a teacher.
Theme: Lexics: Botkin’s disease

Grammar: Present Participle

Aim:

  • to consolidate new lexical and grammar material

  • to teach the students to prepare topics about scientific research work of permanent medical scientists

  • to study the problems of Hepatitis: about types of hepatitis and clinical picture of Botkin’s disease.


Form of conducting:

The 1st Hour


  1. Pay attention to pronunciation and read the following words correctly:

Health care, scientist, medical science, hepatitis, viral, virus, infective, jaundice, survive, simultaneous, source, inadequately, subsequently, bile duct, incubation, prodromal, parenterally, serum, hepatic, advance, entire, simultaneously.


  1. Read and translate the following words and word-combinations:

Medical scientist, scientific, research work, bile duct, viral hepatitis, epidemic hepatitis, infectious hepatitis, epidemic form, viral disease, hepatic cell, inflammatory process, catarrhal jaundice, infectious origin, pathologic process, nervous system, enlargement of the spleen, filterable virus, electronic microscope.


  1. Find the correct translation in the right column:

1. Bile duct 1. инкубационный период


2. Sick person 2. питьевая вода
3. Incubation period 3. больной человек

4. Drinking water 4. клетки печени


5. Hepatic cells 5. желчный проток



  1. Translate the following words and word-combinations into English language:

Эпидемический гепатит, инфекционный гепатит, вирусный гепатит, болезнь Боткина, желчный протоки, желтуха, печень селезенка, переливание крови, плазма и сыворотка крови, клетки печени, воспалительные изменения, воспалительные процессы, инкубационный период, эндокринная система, нервная система, желчный пузырь, питьевая вода, пища, источник инфекции, пациент.

The 2nd Hour


  1. Quote the sentences in which the following words and word-combinations are used in the texts:

Botkin’s disease, epidemic or infectious hepatitis, viral disease, common bile duct, inflammatory process, catarrhal jaundice, infectious origin of the disease, pathologic process, enlargement of the spleen, epidemic form, filterable virus, sick person, incubation period, prodromal period, infected food, drinking water, transfusion system, endocrine system, lymph flow.


  1. Read and translate the following dialogue:

Teacher: Is hepatitis a wide-spread epidemic disease?

Student: Hepatitis occurs in epidemic form. It is a dangerous viral disease.

Teacher: What human organs are affected by hepatitis?

Student: Hepatitis affected hepatic cells and bile ducts.

Teacher: Who studied the problems of hepatitis?

Student: This problem studied prominent scientists R. Virchow, S.P. Botkin, M.P. Konchalovsky.

Teacher: What ideas had S.P. Botkin about origin of hepatitis?

Student: Prominent Russian scientist S.P. Botkin advanced the idea of an infectious origin of this disease.

Teacher: Who suffers from Botkin’s disease?

Student: This disease make commonly affects children, also adults and elderly person.

Teacher: What virus causes Botkin’s disease?

Student: Botkin’s disease occurs due to a filterable virus, present in the blood, liver, found in stool and urine.




  1. Complete the following dialogue according to the contents of the text “Types of Hepatitis”. Dramatize this dialogue.

Teacher: Who is the source of hepatitis virus?

Student: …

Teacher: When hepatitis infection is particularly virulent?

Student: …

Teacher: What way does hepatitis infection enter human body in?

Student: …

Teacher: How many days does the incubation period of hepatitis last?

Student: …

Teacher: Describe the clinical picture of hepatitis, please.

Student: …

Teacher: What is the difference between hepatitis A and B?

Student: …

Teacher: You have very good knowledge on theme “Botkin’s disease”. I give you an excellent mark.

Student: Thank you. Good bye!



Teacher: Good bye!


  1. Situation.

  1. Imagine, that you are prominent scientists, studying the problems of hepatitis: R. Virchow, S.P. Botkin, M.P. Konchalovsky. Tell your opinion about origin and clinical picture of this disease to a correspondent of scientific medical magazine.

  2. Imagine, that you are a sick person and you have main symptoms of hepatitis. Tell your complaints to a doctor. Doctor must diagnose this disease correctly: what form of hepatitis (A, B, C) his patients suffers from.

Compile your own dialogues according to this situation. Use the information from the texts: “Botkin’s disease”, “Types of Hepatitis”.

The 3rd Hour.


  1. Complete the following sentences according to the contents of the texts: “Botkin’s disease”, “Types of Hepatitis”.

  1. Botkin’s disease is an acute viral disease, affecting …

  2. The prominent German scientist Virchow R. believing it to be due to …

  3. In 1880 the prominent Russian scientist S. Botkin having advanced the idea of …

  4. The term “ Botkin’s disease” was introduced into medicine due to …

  5. Botkin’s disease occurs in …

  6. In hepatitis the source of virus is …

  7. In case of Virus A hepatitis infection enters the body through …

  8. In case of Virus B hepatitis infection enters parenterally during …

  9. The incubation period lasts from …

  10. Botkin’s disease causes …



  1. Find synonyms to the words, printed in bold type:

1. In our country prophylactic vaccination is carried out against a number of infectious diseases. (preventive, supportive) 2. Before making a blood transfusion the blood group is to be determined. (to be obtained, to be established) 3. Jaundice may result from the impairment of the common bile duct. (to be due to, to result in) 4. The pain was stated to radiate to the left arm and shoulder. (to spread to, to lead to) 5. The temperature was known to have risen suddenly at the onset of the attack. (to have decreased, to have elevated) 6. The incidence of this disease varies in different age group. (changes, exchanges)


  1. Translate the following sentences from English to Russian:

  1. Botkin’s disease is an acute viral disease, affecting hepatitis cells and bile ducts.

  2. The prominent German scientist Virchow R. called it catarrhal jaundice.

  3. In 1880 the prominent Russian scientist S.P. Botkin advanced an idea of infectious origin of this disease.

  4. The well-known Soviet physician M.P. Konchalovsky introduced the term “Botkin’s disease” into medicine.

  5. Botkin’s disease occurs in epidemic form.

  6. In hepatitis the source of virus is a sick person.

  7. The infection is particularly virulent in the prodromal period.

  8. In case of virus A hepatitis infection enters the body through the month.

  9. In case of virus B hepatitis infection enters parenterally during transfusion of blood.

  10. The incubation period lasts from 14 days to 50 days.



  1. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.

  1. Болезнь Боткина – это острое вирусное заболевание, поражающие клетки печени и желчные протоки.

  2. Известный немецкий ученый Вирнов Р. Назвал заболевание натуральной желтухой.

  3. В 1880 г. известный русский ученый С.П. Боткин выдвинул идею инфекционного происхождения этого заболевания.

  4. Известный Советский ученый М.П. Кончаловский ввел в медицину термин «Болезнь Боткина».

  5. Болезнь Боткина встречается в эпидемической форме.

  6. Это заболевание чаще всего поражает детей. От него также страдают взрослые и пожилые люди.

  7. При гепатите источником вируса является больной человек.

  8. Инфекция достаточно заразна в продромальном периоде и в первую неделю болезни.

  9. В случае Вируса А гепатита инфекция попадает в тело через рот с пищей и водой.

  10. Инкубационный период заболевания длится от 14 до 50 дней.



  1. Answer the following questions:

  1. What do pathogenic microorganisms do in the human body during the period of incubation?

  2. During what period of an infectious disease haven’t its characteristic symptoms appeared yet?

  3. What does the term “parenterally” mean?

  4. What is the watery fluid which remains after blood has coagulated called?


  1. Speak on the following topics:

  1. Botkin’s disease.

  2. Research work of prominent scientists R. Virchow, S.P. Botkin, M.P. Konchalovsky, studied the problem of hepatitis.

  3. Epidemic form of Botkin’s disease.

  4. Filterable virus, causing hepatitis.

  5. Types of hepatitis.

  6. Incubation and prodromal period of hepatitis.

  7. Main differences between hepatitis A and B.

  8. Clinical picture of Botkin’s disease.


Tasks on the grammar theme:


  1. Read and remember grammar material.

“Present Participle” from text-book

Maslova A.M. “Essential English for Medical students”, Moscow, 2002




  1. Answer the following questions:

  1. What syntactic function has Present Participle in sentences?

  2. What place does Present Participle take in sentences in an attributive function and as a part of Participle Construction?

  3. How is Present Participle translated in its syntactic functions?

  4. Form Present Participle from these verbs and translate them: to restore, to introduce, to establish, to connect.

  5. Determine the syntactic functions of Present Participle in these sentences. Translate them:

  1. Being at the sanatorium the patient began to feel much better. 2. I went to speak to the doctor treating my mother. 3. The changing condition of the patient became worse yesterday.

  1. Read and translate the sentences, define syntactic functions of Present Participle.

  1. The registering clerk told me when I could see the doctor.

  2. Being on a sick-leave the patient had to follow a bed regimen.

  3. Examining the patient, the doctor revealed hepatitis.

  4. The man examining the patient is our family doctor.

  1. Find Present Participle in these sentences. Translate them.

  1. The abdominal incision having been made and the stomach opened, the ulcer was found to involve the posterior wall of the stomach. 2. There being profuse external haemorrhage, the patient was immediately taken to the hospital. 3. The digestion being considerable impaired, the patient constantly complained of epigastric pains.

  1. Determine the form of Present Participle in these sentences. Translate them.

  1. The patient being admitted to the hospital, the doctor on duty examined him in the reception ward. 2. The female having being hospitalized, the generalized abdominal pain was controlled in three hours. 3. Generalized abdominal pain having increased, the doctor asked the nurse to give the patient another injection.

  1. Translate these sentences into English. Use Present Participle in translation.

  1. Так как была первая неделя гепатита, то инфекция была особенно заразна. 2. Когда была сделана операция по поводу гангренозного аппендицита, у больного были сняты все болезненные симптомы. 3. Когда обильное желудочное кровотечение было остановлено, была устранена опасность для жизни больного.

  1. Form Present Participle from the following verbs. Translate them.

To perform, to get, to treat, to enter, to die, to study.

  1. Translate into English.

  1. Оперирующий хирург давал указания медицинской сестре.

  2. Больной, сидящий у окна, был бледен.

  3. Осматривая больного, врач обнаружил гепатит.

  4. Врач сидел возле больного, внимательно рассматривая его рентгеновские снимки.


Hand – out:


    1. Syllable – Salad.

Compile words from the given syllables.

1. in fec ti o us


E pi de mic he pa ti tis
2. ca tar rhal ja un di ce
3. si mul ta ne o us ly
4. pa tho ge nic
5. fil ter ab le vi rus



    1. Puzzle

Find the following words in this puzzle:

Advance, viral, survive, entire, tissue, serum, source, acute, bile, effort, hepatitis, health, hepatic, virus, duct, epidemic, period, temperature, filterable, microorganism, subsequent, simultaneous, drug, prodromal, incubation.




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    1. Crossword







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Answers:


Hepatitis, severe, prodromal, advance, transfusion, infection, temperature, virus, source.

Literature:



  1. Maslova A.M. Essential English for Medical Students. Moscow, 2002.

  2. Maslova A.M. Language Laboratory. Exercises for Medical Students. Moscow, 2002.

  3. Maslova A.M. Essential Vocabulary for Medical Students. Moscow, 2002.

  4. Cutting Edge. Student’s book, Longman, London, 2004.

  5. Cutting Edge. Workbook, Longman, London, 2004.



Control

Test

  1. Choose the correct auxiliary verb:

Botkin’s disease … an acute viral disease.

  1. are

  2. is

  3. have

  4. am

  5. has




  1. Find the correct translation of this sentence:

The prominent Russian scientist S.P. Botkin advanced the idea of an infectious origin of hepatitis.

  1. Известный русский ученый С.П. Боткин будет выдвигать идею инфекционного происхождения гепатита.

  2. Известный русский ученый С.П. Боткин выдвигает идею инфекционного происхождения гепатита.

  3. Известный русский ученый С.П. Боткин выдвинул бы идею инфекционного происхождения гепатита.

  4. Известный русский ученый С.П. Боткин выдвинул идею инфекционного происхождения гепатита.




  1. Choose the correct auxiliary verb:

In hepatitis the source of virus …

  1. are

  2. is

  3. have

  4. am

  5. has




  1. Compile the sentences from these words.

1 2 3 4 5 6

Form epidemic in occurs Botkin’s disease



  1. 234516

  2. 612345

  3. 654321

  4. 123654

  5. 564321




  1. Find the general question:

  1. What human organs are affected by hepatitis?

  2. What does had S.P. Botkin about origin of hepatitis?

  3. What form does Botkin’s disease occur in?

  4. What virus causes Botkin’s disease?

  5. Does Botkin’s disease occur in epidemic form?




  1. Find the special question:

  1. Does Botkin’s disease affect hepatic cells and bile ducts?

  2. What ideas had Virchow R. about origin of hepatitis?

  3. Did S.P. Botkin advance an idea about infectious origin of hepatitis?

  4. Is the infection virulent in the prodromal period?

  5. Does the incubation period last from 14 days to 50 days?




  1. Find the synonym to the following word:

“acute”

  1. viral

  2. epidemic

  3. infectious

  4. severe

  5. pathologic




  1. Find the synonym to the following word combination “sick person”.

  1. doctor

  2. disease

  3. scientist

  4. infection

  5. patient




  1. Compile the sentence from these words:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Period infection virulent is in prodromal the



  1. 1236547

  2. 7654321

  3. 1234567

  4. 2345761

  5. 1234765




  1. Choose the sentence, containing incorrect information according to the contents of the text “Botkin’s disease”

  1. Botkin’s disease is an acute viral disease.

  2. Botkin’s disease affects hepatic cells and bile ducts.

  3. The prominent German scientist Virchow R. advanced the idea of an infectious origin of hepatitis.

  4. Borkin’s disease occurs in epidemic form.

  5. This disease affects children, adults and elderly persons.



Work – out

For students’ self-studying under the guidance of a teacher.
Theme: Acute Cholecystitis.

Lexics: Word and word combination from the Text.

Grammar: Absolute Participle Construction

Hours: 3

Aim: Students must acquire the knowledge of this disease, widen their wordstock and be able to use ammased study in their future life. To develop students speaking, listening, reading and writing skills by working with the Text and grammar material.
Control.
Contact hour №1

Remind the Grammar

-Present and Past Participles

-Past Partisiple of regular,irregular verbs.
I.Give the present Partisiple of the given words:

to isolate-

associate-

complain-

preceed-

observe-


give-

treat-


II.Give the Past Partisiple of the given words:

know-


sell-

stand-


read-

swim-


stop-

translate-



III.Make up an adequate form of partisiple in Absolute Partisiple Construction from the infinitives in brackets and translate:

1.It (to be),the first week of hepatitis was particulary virulent.

2.The liver (to be involved),in the inflammatory pracess,the tissues of the spleen,gallbladder and the nervous endocrine system will become impaired as well..

3.Emergensy surgery(to have been performed),for gangrenous appendicitis a year before,the patient was relieved of all painful symptoms.

4.Profuse gastric bleeding(to have bee arrested),the danger to the patient life was eliminated.

5.Translate the sentences in Absolute Partisiple Construction.

1.We observed the surgeon operating on this patient

2.The diagnosis of purulent gangrenous cholecystitis having been made,an emergency operation was performed

3.The patient has been suffering form abdominal bleeding,it being severe and profuse.

CONTACT HOUR № 2

1.Find the pairs of synonyms and remember:

Preventive, to revise, about, radiate, to involve, acute, to resulting to detirmine, lesion, entire,



2.Find the pairs of antonyms:

To elevate,to recover,to deminish,appromimately,dry,empty,sharp,base,



3.Find the proper translation of the words on the right column from the left one.

Sharp восполение

Umbilical связанный с

Ducts острый

Inflammation Чувствительность

Sensitivity Бледный

Pale Болезненность

Tenderness Проток

Associate with пупочный

4.Translate the word combination into Russian:

Inflammatory disease, is know to occur rarely, involvement of the liver, to complain og intense pain, fatty food and alcohol,pain grows much worse, severe tenderness, achieved by surgical treatment

5.Find the rood of the given words and translate:

Involvement, association, intensive, localized, responsibility, observation, independent, sensitivity, irritation, dangerous, dryness, isolation.


CONTACT HOUR № 3

I.Use the verbs in brackets in the approprite tense of the Indefinite group.Translate the sentences

1.Products of protein,fatt and ccarbohydrate digestion (to be absosrved) from the gastrointestinal tract by the liver in wich they(to undergo) furhur chemical processes.

2.The liver (to destroy)toxic substances which ussully (to be formed) in the intestinal tract as well as some poisons wich (to enter) the body from without.

2.Translate the sentences using Absolute Partisiple Construction into English


1.Когда врач пальпировал печень, болезненность отличалась на три пальца ниже реберного края.

2.Иногда желчнокаменная болезнь сопровождается осложнениями, причем развитие холецистита является наиболее частым.



3.Make up sentences of your own using each of the given words first as a subject and then as an attribute:

Heart, blood, lymph, serum, nerve


4.Rearrange the mixed letters to make words.

Sitiscysolech ..................

utecA ..................

taiepn ..................

mbulciail ...................

Contact hours
Theme: Acute Cholecystitis.

Lexics: Word and word combination from the Text.

Grammar: Absolute Participle Construction

Hours: 3

Aim: Students must acquire the knowledge of this disease, widen their wordstock and be able to use ammased study in their future life. To develop students speaking, listening, reading and writing skills by working with the Text and grammar material.
Control.
Contact hour №1

Remind the Grammar

-Present and Past Participles

-Past Partisiple of regular,irregular verbs.
I.Give the present Partisiple of the given words:

to isolate-

associate-

complain-

preceed-

observe-


give-

treat-


II.Give the Past Partisiple of the given words:

know-


sell-

stand-


read-

swim-


stop-

translate-



III.Make up an adequate form of partisiple in Absolute Partisiple Construction from the infinitives in brackets and translate:

1.It (to be),the first week of hepatitis was particulary virulent.

2.The liver (to be involved),in the inflammatory pracess,the tissues of the spleen,gallbladder and the nervous endocrine system will become impaired as well..

3.Emergensy surgery(to have been performed),for gangrenous appendicitis a year before,the patient was relieved of all painful symptoms.

4.Profuse gastric bleeding(to have bee arrested),the danger to the patient life was eliminated.

5.Translate the sentences in Absolute Partisiple Construction.

1.We observed the surgeon operating on this patient

2.The diagnosis of purulent gangrenous cholecystitis having been made,an emergency operation was performed

3.The patient has been suffering form abdominal bleeding,it being severe and profuse.

CONTACT HOUR № 2

1.Find the pairs of synonyms and remember:

Preventive, to revise, about, radiate, to involve, acute, to resulting to detirmine, lesion, entire,



2.Find the pairs of antonyms:

To elevate,to recover,to deminish,appromimately,dry,empty,sharp,base,



3.Find the proper translation of the words on the right column from the left one.

Sharp восполение

Umbilical связанный с

Ducts острый

Inflammation Чувствительность

Sensitivity Бледный

Pale Болезненность

Tenderness Проток

Associate with пупочный

4.Translate the word combination into Russian:

Inflammatory disease, is know to occur rarely, involvement of the liver, to complain og intense pain, fatty food and alcohol,pain grows much worse, severe tenderness, achieved by surgical treatment

5.Find the rood of the given words and translate:

Involvement, association, intensive, localized, responsibility, observation, independent, sensitivity, irritation, dangerous, dryness, isolation.


CONTACT HOUR № 3

I.Use the verbs in brackets in the approprite tense of the Indefinite group.Translate the sentences

1.Products of protein,fatt and ccarbohydrate digestion (to be absosrved) from the gastrointestinal tract by the liver in wich they(to undergo) furhur chemical processes.

2.The liver (to destroy)toxic substances which ussully (to be formed) in the intestinal tract as well as some poisons wich (to enter) the body from without.

2.Translate the sentences using Absolute Partisiple Construction into English


1.Когда врач пальпировал печень, болезненность отличалась на три пальца ниже реберного края.

2.Иногда желчнокаменная болезнь сопровождается осложнениями, причем развитие холецистита является наиболее частым.



3.Make up sentences of your own using each of the given words first as a subject and then as an attribute:

Heart, blood, lymph, serum, nerve


4.Rearrange the mixed letters to make words.

Sitiscysolech ..................

utecA ..................

taiepn ..................

mbulciail ...................

Work out

For students’ self – studying under the guidance of a teacher.

Theme: Lexics: Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Clinical Picture


Grammar: Past Perfect Continuous

Aim:

  • Students should familiarize with new lexics of the theme;

  • To make the sentences and translate them;

  • Use lexics minimum in their speech;

  • To translate the words and word-combinations with the lexical minimum.


Form of conducting:

The 4 Hours

  1. Give Russian equivalents to:




  1. A general malaise

  2. A considerable fatigue

  3. A thick pus

  4. A benign disease

  5. Lymphatic glands

  6. Pus corpuscles

  7. Intoxication

  8. Erythrocytes

  9. Sputum

  10. Subfebrile



  1. Read and translate the following sentences. Find the Past Perfect Continuous construction in them and explain its usage:

  1. 1. The patient stated that he had been suffering from a bad cough with purulent sputum for about a month. 2. The patient was administered a diet for the physical examination of the liver had revealed bits considerable enlargement. 3. The change of the patient’s body temperature to abnormal was quite unexpected for the physician.

  2. 1. Poorly developed bones and teeth, slow growth and even the general impairment of health occurred in some children since their food contained little phosphors. 2. I have been waiting for the nurse since 8 o’clock she must give me an intramuscular injection. 3. The patient had been complaining of cough with purulent sputum since he was admitted to the hospital. 4. Since the patient’s body weigh had been considerably reducing and his liver became enlarged he was administered a number of laboratory analyses to make the diagnosis clear.



  1. Choose the right proper verb from those given in brackets. Use it in the necessary tense:

  1. The patient’s general condition (to improve, to recover) gradually since he was administered streptomycin injections.

  2. The most characteristic symptoms of primary tuberculosis such as loss of appétit and weight, short periods of fever and slow growth (to develop, to produce) in a child since the age of two.

  3. As the patient’s temperature (to enlarge, to elevate) constantly since he was admitted to the hospital he had to follow a bad regimen.



  1. Divide the text into some parts and name them.



  1. Situation.

Imagine that you are a journalist and want to write an article about scientists. You take an interview from Koch and speak about his discovery. You may use the information from the text “Pulmonary Tuberculosis – Clinical Picture”.



  1. Complete the following sentences according to the contents of the text C:

  1. Pulmonary tuberculosis is …………………………………………………………..

  2. This disease may also affect other organs: …………………………………………

  3. The causative agent of tuberculosis was discovered ……………………………….

  4. In the early stage of tuberculosis the patient usually complains of …………………

  5. Sputum is mucopurulent. Its microscopic examination reveals …………………….

  6. The permanent symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis ………………………………



  1. Speak on the following topics:




  1. Tuberculosis was discovered by Koch in 1882.

  2. Sputum is mucopurulent.

  3. Signs of pulmonary tuberculosis.


The 4 Hours
Work on grammar:


    1. Read the situations and make sentences from the words in brackets.

  1. I was very tired when I arrived home.

(I / work / hard all day) I had been working hard all day.

  1. The two boys come into the house. They had a football and they were both very tired.

(they / play / football) ……………………………………………………………………

  1. There was nobody in the room but there was a smell of cigarettes.

(somebody / smoke / in the room) ……………………………………………………….

  1. Ann woke up in the middle of the night. She was frightened and didn’t know where she was.

(she / dream) ……………………………………………………………………………...

  1. When I got home, Mike was sitting in front of the TV. He had just turned it off.

(he / watch / TV) ………………………………………………………………………….


    1. Read the situations and complete the sentences.




  1. We played tennis yesterday. Half an hour after we began playing, it started to rain.

We had been playing for half an hour when it started to rain.

  1. I had arranged to meet Tom in a restaurant. I arrived and waited for him. After 20 minutes I suddenly realized that I was in the wrong restaurant.

I ……………………………………………….. for 20 minutes when I ……………………………

  1. Sarah got a job in a factory. Five years later the factory closed down.

At the time the factory …………………………………………., Sarah ………………………… there for five years.

  1. I went to a concert last week. The orchestra began playing. After about ten minutes a man in the audience suddenly began shouting.

The orchestra …………………………………………. when ……………………………….

  1. This time make your own sentence:

I began walking along the road. I ……………………………. when ………………………..


    1. Complete the questions.


1.

2.






    1. Puzzle.

Find the following words in this puzzle.
Causative, cough, general, malaise, fatigue, pus, benign, organ, bone, sputum, joint, appetite, sign, kidney, pulmonary, agent, dry, blood, vessels, loss.



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    1. Find the pairs of antonyms and memorize them.

  1. Permanent

  2. Benign

  3. To drop

  4. To suffer from

  5. Frequently

  6. To arrest

  7. A gain in weight

  8. To become worse

  9. To include

  10. Seldom



    1. Find the pairs of synonyms and memorize them.

  1. Exclude

  2. Result in

  3. Diminish

  4. Gradually

  5. Slight

  6. A symptom

  7. To spread

  8. In addition to

  9. To give attention

  10. A return of disease



    1. Choose right answers to correspond to Text C.

  1. What forms of tuberculosis are accompanied by a subfebrile temperature?

  1. Benign forms of tuberculosis are:

  2. Pneumonic forms of tuberculosis are:

  1. What kind of sputum has the patient with tuberculosis?

  1. It is purulent

  2. It is mucopurulent

  1. The evidence of what form of tuberculosis may cold profuse perspiration at night be?

  1. It may be the evidence of a benign form of tuberculosis

  2. It may be the evidence of severe form of tuberculosis.



    1. Answer to the following questions:

  1. What organ is affected in case of pulmonary tuberculosis?

  2. Why is it necessary to reveal a causative agent of an infectious disease?

  3. What condition of the patient may be the evidence of the recovery?

  4. In case of what disease may the patient have night perspiration?

  5. In what state are the walls of blood vessels in case of the elevation of blood pressure?

  6. How does the weight of the patient change in case of a permanent loss of appetite?

  7. What changes occur in the blood in case of a pressure blood loss?

  8. In what case may a patient complain of early fatigue and malaise?


Work –out

for students’ self – studying under the guidance of a teacher

Theme:

Lexics: Rheumatic Endocarditis

Grammar: Complex Object

Aim: 1. To consolidate new lexical and grammar material

2.To teach the students to prepare topics about scientific research work of prominent medical scientists, studying the problems of rheumatic endocarditis


Form of conducting:

The 1st Hour


  1. Pay attention to pronunciation and read the following words correctly:

Palpitation, onset, fatigue, exertion, subfebrile, moderate, pulse rate, accelerate, readings, percussion, slight, confirm, murmur, duration, heart apex, regimen.


  1. Read and translate the following words and word combinations:

General malaise, early fatigue, body temperature, onset of the disease, physical exertion, moderate leucocytosis, elevated ESR, slightly enlarged, the patient’s pulse rate, the most important readings, a soft systolic murmur, in –patient department.


  1. Find the correct in the right column:

1. important readings анализ крови

2. physical exertion незначительно увеличена

3. slight enlarged важные показания

4. blood analysis физическое напряжение

5. heart murmur шум сердца


  1. Translate the following words and word combinations into English:

Общее недомогание, сердечное беспокойство, сильное сердцебиение, начало болезни, анализ крови, продолжительность болезни, умеренное лейкоциты, важные показания прибора, температура тела, воспалительный процесс, верхушка сердца, шум сердца.

The 2nd Hour

Read the situations and dramatize it:

1.Imagine, that you are a sick person, and you have main symptoms of rheumatic endocarditis.

Tell your complaints to a doctor. Doctor must diagnose those diseases correctly.
2.Imagine, that you are prominent scientists, studying the problems of rheumatic endocarditis,

Tell your opinion about origin and clinical picture of this diseases.



Compile your own dialogue according to this situation. Use the information from the text “Rheumatic Endocarditis”
The 3rd Hour

1.Complete the following sentences according to the contents of the text

1. The patient complained of a general malaise, ……

2. The blood analysis revealed …..

3. On percussion the doctor determined the heart …..

4. While listening to the patient’s heart the doctor found….

5. these symptoms were accompanied by….



2. Translate the following sentences from English into Russian:

1. The doctor estimate the organic changes in the mitral, aortic and tricuspid valves to be clearly marked.

2. The patient stated that the onset of the diseases had been preceded by tonsillitis.

3. These findings of the physical examination were confirmed by the X- ray examination.

4. The electrocardiogram showed the changes in the most important readings.

5. The physician considered the patient to be ill with rheumatic endocarditis and insisted on his following a strict bed regimen at the in- patient department.


3.Answer to the following questions according to the text:

1. What disease may the onset of rheumatic endocarditis be preceded?

2. What examination can the enlargement of the heart be determined by?

3. What regimen must a patient with rheumatic endocarditis follow?

4. How can systolic and diastolic heart murmurs be revealed in patients with rheumatic endocarditis?

Work out

for students’ self-studying under the guidance of a teacher
Theme: “Atherosclerosis and its Treatment”

Lexics: The words and word-combinations of the theme

Grammar: Complex Object

Urgency of the theme:

Atherosclerosis is one of the diseases of the cardiovascular system which is due to many causes. There are a number of factors which may determine its development.

It’s important to know the treatment of any disease if you are going to be a doctor; students have to show their interests in etiology and pathogenesis of the diseases.
The aim of the lesson:

Students are to know:



  • new words and word-combinations of the text

  • complex object

  • the text “Atherosclerosis and its Treatment”

Students are to be able to:

  • use new lexims in their speech

  • use and find the complex object in the sentences

  • answer the questions

  • make up a dialogue on the theme

On basic knowledge:

Points of the lesson preparing:

  1. Consolidation of the previous lesson

  2. Complex Object

On the theme of the present lesson:

  1. Complex Object

  2. “Atherosclerosis and its Treatment”

  3. The words and word-combinations of the theme

Informative – didactic part of the lesson

The material is in aid of developing reading, listening, speaking skills. Pre reading activities comprise introducing the new lexics, keeping in mind and draw their attention to the correct spelling and pronunciation. Learn the new grammar material (look at the grammar reference)



Contact Hour № 1

Remember: в английском языке дополнение может состоять из группы слов, в состав который входит существительное или местоимение в косвенном падеже и инфинитив глагола, такое дополнение называется сложным.

I know this surgeon (him) to operate on successfully.

Я знаю, что этот хирург (он) оперирует успешно.

I want you to come at 5.

Я хочу, чтобы вы пришли в 5 часов.

1) Сложное дополнение употребляется после глаголов:

а) выражающих желание: to want – хотеть; to wish, to desire – желать; should like, would like – хотел бы;

б) выражающих предположение: to expect – ожидать; to think – думать; to believe – полагать; считать; to suppose – полагать; to consider - считать; to find – находить, признавать;

в) выражающих приказание, просьбу, разрешение: to order, to command – приказывать; to ask – просить; to allow – разрешать и др.
Contact Hour № 2

1. Find Complex object and translate the sentences:

The physician considered the incidence of heart attacks to be associated with the nervous overstrain. The doctor wants me to have undergone the course of treatment by the end of the week. We noticed the most characteristic symptoms of rheumatic endocarditis have been eliminated since the administration of those preparations.


2. Change the sentences using the complex object.

1. The teacher said to the pupils: “Learn the rule.”

-The teacher wanted…

2.”Be careful, or else you will spill the milk,” said my mother to me. -My mother did not want…

3. “My daughter will go to a ballet school,” said the woman.

-The woman wanted…



4. The man said: “My son will study mathematics.”

-The man wanted…



5. “Oh, father, buy me this toy, please,” said the little boy.

-The little boy wanted…



6. “Wait for me after school,” said Ann to me.

-Ann wanted…



3. Finish the sentences using Complex Object and translate

1.I have never seen … a) как больному снимают электрокардиограмму; б) как сестра делает внутривенное вливание. 2. I would like … а) чтобы больной прошел курс рентгенотерапии; б) чтобы мой диагноз был подтвержден рентгенологическим обследованием. 3. We did not expect … а) что у этого больного будет обнаружена сердечно – сосудистая недостаточность: б) что воспалительный процессе в сердечных клапанах будет таким тяжелым.



4. Translate the sentences using Complex Object from Russian into English.

Я хочу, чтобы все дети смеялись. Мне хотелось бы, чтобы доктор посмотрел его. Я ненавижу, когда ты забываешь свои обязанности. Пожалуйста, не заставляйте меня пить молоко. Она хочет, чтобы его картины видели во всех странах. Ребенок хотел, чтобы его мишку положили к нему в постель. Вы хотите, чтобы эту картину повесили над камином?


Contact Hour № 3

Work on words

1. Listen and pay attention to the pronunciation of the following words and get down them in your vocabulary.

2. Repeat after the speaker.

atherosclerosis атересклероз

metabolic относящийся к обмену веществ

carbohydrate углевод

cardiovascular сердечно-сосудистый

hereditary наследственный, потомственный; переходящий из поколения

в поколение

congenital врожденный, природный

overstrain перенапряжение

vascular сосудистый

contraction сокращение

heart failure внезапная остановка сердечной деятельности, паралич сердца

to diminish убывать, уменьшаться

worse худший

changeable меняющийся, непостоянный, изменчивый,

seldom редко, нечасто, изредка

sufficiency достаток

malignant злобный, злостный

lipotropic substances липотропное вещество

regimen режим (включая диету, физическую зарядку, здоровый образ жизни)

1. Give the words of the opposite meaning:

to diminish, suddenly, to be constant, to become worse, changeable, to fall, to include, malignant, seldom, sufficiency, a gain in weight.



2. Give the synonyms to these words and translate them

Hereditary, overstrain, vascular, contraction, worse, diminish, suddenly, seldom, congenital, regimen, lipotropic substances



3. Give English equivalents to:

Врожденный порок сердца, принять эффективные меры, внезапная остановка сердца, трепетание предсердий, нарушение кровоснабжения, внешние признаки, профилактические меры, умственное перенапряжения.



4. Translate the following word combinations:

To administer an adequate dose of medicine, to make an incision on the cardiac wall, to complain of a general malaise and fatigue, congenital heart defects, to undergo the course of x-ray treatment, to result in heart failure.



5. Match the words and word combinations


A

B

suffering

of blood

congenital

from cardiac diseases

besides

in the damage

heart

failure

arrest

heart defect

result

in such cases



Contact Hour № 4

Work on the text:

1. Listen to the text “Atherosclerosis and its Treatment”

2. Read and translate the text, using your active vocabulary

3. Find the sentences with these words or word-combinations and translate them:

Cardiovascular, metabolic, sufficient, regimen, atherosclerosis, lipotropic substances, external evidence, mental overstrain, cholesterol exchange.



4. Find the sentences with Complex Object in this text and translate them:

5. Fill in the necessary word or word combination:

1. ….. is one of the diseases of the cardiovascular system which is due to many causes. 2. Prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis consist mainly of a certain ……. for the patient. 3. The diet of the patients with atherosclerosis must contain ……. Amount of proteins, but fats and carbohydrates must be taken in very limited doses. 4. Vitamins are widely used in the treatment of atherosclerosis because some of them improve the ……… processes and other dilate the vessels.

6. read the text and give English equivalents to these word combinations:

Внешние признаки, профилактические меры, умственное перенапряжение, крепкий сон, врожденный порок сердца, нарушение кровоснабжение.




  1. Express the central idea of the first paragraph

  2. Give the summary of the text.

  3. Retell the text.

Home task: Part 1

a) Do exercises from work-out;

b) Learn grammar material;

c) Learn the essential vocabulary of the theme.



Recommended Literature:

  1. the text “Atherosclerosis and its Treatment”;

  2. materials of the department;

  3. “Essential English for medical students”. A. M. Maslova



Contact Hour № 5

1. Define the Complex Object

I expected my sister to be operated on as soon as her temperature retuned to normal. The physician wanted my mother to be following a bed regimen for several days. The cardiologist considered the electrocardiogram waves to have changed after the heart attack. The physician supposed the intensity of the shadow in the lung to decrease after the treatment



2. Explain why in these cases particle “to” doesn’t use.

The investigator observed the primary manifestation of the disease be _______ associated with the reduction of the number of Erythrocytes.

The surgeon noticed the amount of pus in the mucopurulent discharge from the wound _______ has been decreasing. The examiner saw the marked shadowing in the lung ________ have areas of various intensity.

3. Complete the questions using Complex Object and translate

Do you want __________ ?

Did you hear ___________ ?

Did anybody make _________?

Did your parents want _________?

Who has noticed __________?



4. Find the Complex Object.

The physician considered the incidence of heart attacks to be associated with the nervous overstrains. I know this surgeon to operate on successfully. The doctor wants me to have undergone the course of treatment by the end of the week. I want you to come at five. He sees me write exercises every evening.

1. Give Russian equivalents to:

Congenital heart defects, to result in heart failure, to make an incision on the cardiac wall, to radiate to the back and arm, to undergo the rupture of the blood vessel, to administer an adequate dose of medicine, to complain of a general malaise and fatigue.



2. Give English equivalents to:

Крепкий сон, принять эффективные меры, внезапная остановка сердца, трепетание предсердий, нарушение кровоснабжения, внешние признаки, профилактические меры, умственное перенапряжения.



3. Give the words of the opposite meaning:

a symptom

in addition to

to be troubled by

to give attention

to pass through

an impairment

to spread

a return of a disease

to fees


to attack


Contact Hour № 6

Puzzle

Find the following words in this puzzle.

Atherosclerosis, vascular, apex, interspace, costal, atrium, valve, vessel, blood, contraction, muscle, chamber, dilate, murmur, overstrain, congenital, cardiovascular, appearance

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  1. Express the central idea of the second paragraph

  2. Give the summary of the text.

  3. Retell the text.

Home task: Part 2

  1. Do exercises from work-out;

  2. Learn grammar material;

  3. Retell the text “Atherosclerosis and its Treatment”.

Recommended Literature:

  1. the text “Atherosclerosis and its Treatment”;

  2. materials of the department;

  3. “Essential English for medical students”. A. M. Maslova



Өздік жұмысқа арналған әдістемелік ұсыныс

пән: Ағылшын тілі IY а 1103


Мамандық: 051102 « Қоғамдық денсаулық сақтау»
Кафедра: шет тілі
Құрастырды: Жантасова С.О. Сыдыкова К.

Лозенко И.В. Карымсаков А.С.

Султанова Н.Т. Жумагулова К.Ж.

Киякбаев Б.У. Алибаева Р.Н.

Сабырбаева Н.

Абдижами Д.


Алматы, 2008


Work-out

for self-studing of students (out-ofclasses).

The4eme: Botkin`s Disease

Aim: 1. To get and study new information about epidemic and infections Hepatitis and about prominent medical scientists, studing this problem

2. To consolidate new lexical and grammar material, connected with this theme

3. To learn new medical terminology, connected with the theme:”Botkin`s disease”

Tasks on the theme:

In your work you must describe the following main thesis:


  1. Biofraphics of prominent scintists, studing the problem of hepatitis. Their main scientfic investigations and achievements.

  2. The main types of hepatitis and its preventio.

  3. the origin and symptoms, its aetiology, pathogenesis and clinical picture of the disease.

Form of conducting:



  1. Ton prepare an essay to the theme; “Botkin`s Disease”

  2. The Recommended list of themes for your essay:

  1. The prominent German scientist Virchov R. his scientific inestigations and achievements.

  2. The scientific acivity of S.P. Botkin. His ideas about infutious origin of hepatitis.

  3. The scientific research work of M.P. Koncholovsky

  4. prevention of hepatitis

  5. Origin and main symptoms of hepatitis.

  6. Aetology and pathogenesis of hepatitis.

  7. Clinical picture of hepatitis.

  8. The main types of epidemic and infectious hepatitis.

  9. Hepatitis A and B.

  10. Hepatitis C as the most dengerous form of disease.

For preparing of your essay you may use otherthemes, connected with the problem of hepatitis.

In your essay you must also describe the scientifice work of one or two prominent medical scientists, studing the problem of epidemic and infectious hepatitis.
Criteria of fulfilling:

Requirements to design and fulfilling of an essay:

• the volume of an essay must be 3-4 printing pages (supplements don't belong to the

volume of an essay);


  • by preparing of an essay it is recommended to use 5-7 different sources;

  • the essay must be fulfilled literately, with observance on summary's culture;

  • text of the essay must contain references on the used literature;

  • bibliography must be compiled correctly;

  • structure of the essay must contain:

title page

contents


introduction

the main part

conclusion

bibliography



Terms of passing: According to time - table

Criteria of marks:

Volume and contents of the essay must correspond to main criteria of fulfilling.


Literature:

Medical encyclopaedia. Main editor Petrovsky B,V., third edition (in 30 volumes), Moscow, “Soviet Encyclopaedia” 1977- V3, pp. 347-349; V4, pp. 245-246; V5, pp280-300; V11, pp348-349.


Control:

  1. To prepare a report for practical lesson according to the theme of the essay.

  2. To write a scientific article according to the theme of the essay. You may publish your article in a scientific journal together with your teacher.

  3. You may also prepare a report for students' scientific conference, devoted to the theme: “Actual problems of modern medicine”

Title page of an essay


KAZAKH NATIOAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

named after S.D. ASFENDIYAROV

DEPARTMENT ______________________________________

E S S A Y
THEME: _________________________________________

________________________________________________


Student’s surname, name, patronymic ______________________________________


Faculty _______________________
Course _______________________
Group ________________________

Teacher _______________________

Almaty, 200__ - 200__

Work – out

for self – studying of students (out – of class)

Theme: Rheumatic Endocarditis

Aim: 1. To get and study new information about Rheumatic Endocarditis


  1. To consolidate new lexical and grammar material, connected with this theme

  2. To learn new medical terminology, connected with the theme Rheumatic Endocarditis



Tasks on the theme:

In your work you must describe the following main thesis:



  1. The most characteristic clinical manifestations of rheumatic endocorditis

  2. The therapeutist determine the enlargement of the heart

  3. The heart systolic and diastolic murmurs revealed in patients with rheumatic endocarditis

  4. The strict regimen of the patient with rheumatic endocarditis


Form of conducting:

  1. To prepare an essay to the theme: “Rheumatic Endocarditis”




  1. The recommended list of themes for your essay:



  1. Origin and main symptoms of rheumatic endocarditis

  2. Aetiology and pathogenesis of rheumatic endocarditis

  3. The physical examination of rheumatic endocarditis

  4. Clinical picture of rheumatic endocarditis




  1. In your essay you must describe the scientific work of one or two prominent medical scientists, studying the problem of rheumatic endocarditis.


Criteria of fulfilling:

Requirements to design and fulfilling of an essay:

  • The volume of an essay must be 3-4 printing pages ( supplement don/t belong to the volume of an essay)

  • By preparing of an essay it is recommended to use 5- 7 different sources;

  • Text of the essay must contain references on the used literature;

  • Bibliography must be compiled correctly;

  • Structure of the essay must contain:

title page

contents


introduction

the main part

conclusion
Terms of passing:

According to time- table


Criteria of marks:

Volume and contents of the essay must correspond to main criteria of fulfilling.


Literature:

Medical Encyclopedia. Main editor Petrovsky B.V., third edition (in 30 volumes), Moscow “Soviet Encyclopedia” 1977 –V3


Control:

  1. To prepare a report for practical lesson according to the theme of the essay.

  2. To write a scientific article according to the theme of the essay. You may publish your article in a scientific journal together with your teacher.

  3. You may also prepare a report for students’ scientific conference, devoted to the theme: “Actual problems of modern medicine”.

Title page of an essay


KAZAKH NATIOAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

named after S.D. ASFENDIYAROV

DEPARTMENT ______________________________________

E S S A Y
THEME: _________________________________________

________________________________________________


Student’s surname, name, patronymic ______________________________________


Faculty _______________________
Course _______________________
Group ________________________

Teacher _______________________

Almaty, 200__ - 200__

Work – out

For self – studying of students (out – of classes)


Theme: Pulmonary Tuberculosis – Clinical picture.

Aim: 1. to get and study new information about the disease tuberculosis;

2. to consolidate new lexical and grammatical material connected with the theme;

3. to learn new medical terminology connected with the theme:” Pulmonary Tuberculosis – Clinical picture”.

Tasks on the theme:

In your work you must describe the following main thesis:



  1. Pulmonary tuberculosis.

  2. The main symptoms of the disease.

  3. The treatment of tuberculosis.

Form of conducting:

  1. To prepare an essay to the theme:” Pulmonary Tuberculosis – Clinical picture”.

  2. For preparing your essay you may the information about tuberculosis.

  3. In your essay you must describe the picture of tuberculosis and how to fight with this disease.

Criteria of fulfilling:

Requirements to design and fulfilling of an essay:



  • The volume of an essay must be 3-4 printing pages (supplements don’t belong to the volume of an essay);

  • By preparing of an essay it is recommended to use 5-7 different sources;

  • The essay must be fulfilled literately, with observance on summary’s culture;

  • Text of the essay must contain reference on the used literature;

  • Bibliography must be compiled correctly;

Structure of the essay must contain:

  • Title page

  • Contents

  • Introduction

  • The main part

  • Conclusion

  • Bibliography

Terms of passing:

According the time-table



Criteria of marks:

Volume and contents of the essay must correspond to main criteria of fulfilling.



Literature:

  1. Encyclopedic book about great people.

  2. Articles from newspapers and magazines on the theme:” Pulmonary Tuberculosis – Clinical picture”, library of KazNMU, card index # 8, 9, 10, 11.

Control:

  1. To prepare a report for practical lesson according to the theme of the essay.

  2. To write a scientific article according to the theme of the essay. You may publish your article in a scientific journal together with your teacher.

  3. You may also prepare a report for students’ scientific conference, devoted to the theme:

” Pulmonary Tuberculosis – Clinical picture”.

Title page of an essay


KAZAKH NATIOAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

named after S.D. ASFENDIYAROV

DEPARTMENT ______________________________________

E S S A Y
THEME: _________________________________________

________________________________________________


Student’s surname, name, patronymic ______________________________________


Faculty _______________________
Course _______________________
Group ________________________

Teacher _______________________

Almaty, 200__ - 200__

«АҒЫЛШЫН ТІЛІ» ПӘНІ БОЙЫНША БІЛІМ, ҚАБІЛЕТ ПЕН ДАҒДЫНЫ ҚОРЫТЫНДЫ БАҒАЛАУ ҮШІН БАҚЫЛАУ ҚҰРАЛЫ.

Емтихан сұрақтары
Қорытынды бақылау тестілеу + ауызша емтиханнан тұрады:

Емтихандық билеттің құрылымы



  1. сөздікпен оқу және жазбаша аударма, мамандық негізі бойынша оқылған текстің мазмұны. Текстің көлемі – 2000 – 2500 баспа белгі.

  2. жалпы профессионалдық мазмұнды тексті (сөздіксіз) оқу, оқылған текстің негізгі мазмұнын шет тілінде немесе ана тілінде беру. Текстің көлемі – 800-1000 баспа белгі.

  3. оқылған тақырыптың бірін мазмұндау.


Емтихан тақырыптарының тізімі:

  1. 1.Менің өмірбаяным.

  2. Менің жанұям.

  1. Менің пәтерім.

  2. Қазақстан – менің Отаным.

  3. Менің сүйікті қалам.

  4. Оқытылатын тілдің елі.

  1. Лондон – Ұлыбритания астанасы.

  2. Ұлыбританиядағы білім беру.

  3. Қазақстандағы білім беру.

  4. Ұлыбритнанияның атақты ғалымдары.

  5. Қазақстанғы атақты ғалымдары.

  6. Қаңқа.

  7. Жүрек және қантамырлар жүйесі.

  8. Өкпе.

  9. Асқорыту жүйесі.

  10. Науқасты тексеру.

  11. Лобулярлы пневмония.

  12. Туберкулездің клиникалық сипаттамасы.

  13. Ревматикалық эндокардит

  14. Кардиохирургия

  15. . Атеросклероз және оны емдеу.

23. Асқазан жарасы.

24. Асқазан ісігі.



Тестке дайындауға грамматикалық тақырыптар тізімі:

1. Зат есім.

2. Артикль.

3. Есімдік.

4. Сын есім.


  1. Предлогтар.

6. Етістік.

7. Белгісіз осы шақ.



  1. Белгісіз өткен шақ.

  2. Белгісіз келер шақ.

  3. Созылыңқы осы шақ.

  4. Созылыңқы өткен шақ.

  5. Созылыңқы келер шақ.

  6. Аяқталған осы шақ.

  7. Аяқталған өткен шақ.

  8. Аяқталған келер шақ.

  9. Ырықсыз етіс.

  10. Герундий.

  11. Күрделі толықтауыш.

  12. Сабақтас құрмалас сөйлем құрылымы.

  13. Бағыныңқы сөйлем түрлері.

  14. Шылаулар, шылау сөздер, клишелік фразалар.

Ситуациялық тапсырмалар.



  1. Тақырып:” Науқасты емдеу”.

Ситуация: Дәрігер қабылдауында. Сіз - дәрігерсіз. Науқасты тексеріңіз. Дұрыс диагноз қойыңыз.

  1. Тақырып:”Боткин ауруы ”.

Ситуация: сіз өзіңізді С.П. Боткин, М.П.Кончаловский немесе

Р. Вирховпын деп ойлаңыз. Әйгілі ғылыми журнал корреспондентіне гепатиттің мәселелері туралы осы атақты ғаламдардың атынан өз ойыңызды айтыңыз.



  1. Тақырып:”Боткин ауруы ”.

Ситуация: өзіңізді науқас днп ойлаңыз. Сізде гепатитке ұқсас белгілер бар. Дәрігерге өз шағымыңызды айтыңыз.

  1. Тақырып:”Лобулярлы пневмония”.

Ситуация: Стационар бөлімшесіне лобулярлы пневмонияның алғашқы диагнозымен ауыр науқас түсті. Сіз, интерн - студентсіз, осы бөлімде тәжірибеден өтудесіз. Сізге қажетті диагноз қойып, сәйкес емді тағайындауыңыз керек.

  1. Тақырып:”Ревматикалық эндокардит”.

Ситуация: Жүрек қантамырлар аурулары мәселелері бойынша ғылыми конференция. Ревматикалық эндокардит, клиникалық бейнесі мен емдеуі туралы баядама дайыңдаңыз.

  1. Тақырып:”Атеросклероз және оның емделуі”.

Ситуация: Сіз өзіңізді лектор деп есептеңіз. Сіз атеросклероз және оның емделуі туралы баяндама оқисыз. Кіріспе тұрақты сөз тіркестерін жаттықтыру. Сұрақтарды белсенділендіру.

  1. Тақырып: “Асқазан қатерлі ісігі”

Ситуация: Сіз өзіңізді клиникалық пәндер бойынша ғылыми үйірменің мүшесімін деп есептеңіз. Әртүрлі аттармен шығатын газеттерден асқазан қатерлі ісігі туралы мәтіндерге ақпараттық талдау жасаңыз. Мысылы, “Қатерлі ісік бүгінде әлемді шарлауда”. “Бұл қатерлі ауру көптеген адамдарды өмірден әкетуде”. және т.б.

  1. Тақырып: “Сары ауру”.

Ситуация: Сіз өзіңізді зерттеу институтының ғылыми қызметкері деп санаңыз. “Сары ауру”, “Боткин аурулары” сияқты барлық жұқпалы аурулардан сиқырлы эликсир ойлап шығардыңыз. Өзіңіздің көзқарасыңызды дәлелдеңіз.

  1. Тақырып: “Асқазан қатерлі ісігі”.

Ситуация: Сіз - дәрігерсіз. Науқаста “Өткір холецистит” “Асқазан жарасының қабынуы”. “Атеросклероз” сияқты көптеген аурулар жиынтығы бар. Дәрігерге тапсырма науқасқа алғашқы емдеуді асқазан жараны емдеуден бастау қажет екенін түсіндіру.

  1. Тақырып: “Туберкулез”.

Ситуация: Студенттер берілген аурулар мәселелерін талқылайды. Мысалы:

Студент 1

Студент 2

Ойы

Нақты сауал

Анықтау нақтылау

Күмән

Сенімділік аргумент

Келіспеушілік контрааргумент

Ұсыныс

Қайта сұрау

Сеніммен қайта ұсыныс

Келісім


АҒЫЛШЫН ТІЛІ БОЙЫНША ТЕСТ

  1. Compile a word with following letters: u,l,f,w,a

a. ulawf

b. fulow


c. awful

d. fawul


e. uflaw



  1. The antonym of the word “Set” is:

a. recite

b. rise


c. show

d. ring


e. get up


  1. Choose the correct word: His … names are Jean and Chris.

a. of cousins

b. cousins’s

c. cousins

d. cousins’

e. cousen’s


  1. Compile the sentence: The First of September … a great holiday in the life of all pupils.

a. am

b. were


c. been

d are


e. is


  1. Choose the appropriate Russian equivalent: Nick was going to call me tomorrow.

a. Ник собирался позвонить мне завтра.

b. Ник зашел в кино за мной завтра.

c. Ник позвонил мне вчера.

d. Ник собирался играть в футбол сегодня.

e. Ник вчера заходил ко мне.


  1. Choose a word in which the picked out letter differing from others:

a. Garden

b. Gate

c. Gentle

d. Geese

e. Gaze


  1. Choose the correct variant of preposition: The children stood … when the teacher came in.

a. of

b. under


c. over

d. up


e. down
8. Choose the correct variant of date reading: “27/04”

a. The twenty- seventh of April.

b. The twenty and seventh of April.

c. The twentieth and seven of April.

d. The twentieth seventh of April.

e. The twentieth seven of April.


9. Choose the correct variant of degrees of comparison of adjectives: Sasha is much … than her sister.

a. youngerer

b. younger

c. young

d. youngest

e. youngster


10. Choose the correct variant of pronouns: Are there … toys in the box?

a. nothing

b. none

c. something



d. anything

e. any
11. Choose the countable noun:

a. bottle

b. time


c. butter

d. sugar


e. health
12. Find the correct variant of predicate: The holidays … last week.

a. begin


b. was begin

c. begins

d. began

e. will begin


13. Choose the correct Russian equivalent to the sentence: He said he would phone back.

a. Он сказал, что он звонит еще раз.

b. Он сказал, что он перезвонил опять.

c. Он сказал, что перезвонил домой.

d. Он сказал, что позвонит назад.

e. Он сказал, что перезвонит.


14. Choose the unnecessary word in the given group of words:

a. bread


b. ham

c. aunt


d. juice

e. chicken

15. Compile the proverb: Every country has its … .

a. flower

b. customs

c. queen


d. king

e. keys
16. Find the adverb:

a. twenty

b. changeable

c. heavily

d. agree


e. traditional
17. Complete the sentence: You remembered everything, …?

a. didn’t you

b. don’t you

c. doesn’t you

d. do you

e. aren’t you


18. Translate into English: Он всегда рад помочь своим друзьям.

a. He was always glad to helped his friends.

b. He is always glad to being help his friends.

c. He was always glad to help his friends.

d. He is always glad to helping his friends.

e. He is always glad to help his friends.


19. Choose the correct answer: What is the capital of Kazakhstan?

a. Astana

b. Aktobe

c. Almaty

d. Aktau

e. Atyrau


20. Choose the correct variant: Look! … my house over there and those are my cows/

a. this are

b. there are

c. that is

d. this is

e. these are

21. Choose the correct variant: She asked her friend … her that afternoon.

a. why she didn’t phoned

b. why didn’t she phone

c. why she hadn’t phone

d. why she hadn’t phoned

e. why hadn’t she phoned


22. Find the correct form of verb: I went to see how she was and found her … .

a. were crying

b. has been crying

c. crying

d. cries


e. cried
23. The letter “w” is read in the word:

a. whose

b. who

c. two


d. write

e. why
24. The synonym of the word “slight” is

a. brave

b. dark


c. strong

d. weak

e. heavy
25. Choose the correct word: … dog is too big.

a. -


b. the

c. these


d. an

e. those
26. Put in the verb in the correct tense form: Look! The girl … the floor.

a. were sweeping

b. are sweeping

c. is sweeping

d. was sweeping

e. am sweeping
27. Choose the appropriate English equivalent: На телевидении слишком много рекламы.

a. On television too much advertising is there

b. There too much advertising is on the television

c. Too much advertising is there on television

d. There is on the television too much advertising

e. There is too much advertising on television.


28. Choose the word in which picked out letter differing from others:

a. sock

b. dog

c. mother

d. rock

e. top


29. Form the adjective with the opposite meaning of the word “possible”:

a. repossible

b. impossible

c. ilpossible

d. inpossible

e. unpossible
30. Choose the correct pronoun: Be careful! They are looking at … .

a. ours


b. us

c. I


d. our

e. we
31. Choose the question pronoun for the picked out word: We usually have dinner at five.

a. why

b. where


c. with whom

d. what time

e. what
32. Choose the correct form of verb in the Passive Voice: This newspaper (to sell) everywhere.

a. is sold

b. sold

c. were selled



d. are sold

e. were sold


33. Choose the correct modal verb: You … stop writing at the end of the exam. Your time is limited.

a. need


b. can’t

c. must


d. don’t have to

e. might have


34. Choose the correct variant: The sky is dark … ten o’clock already.

a. this


b. its

c. there is

d. it is

e. this is


35. Choose the correct Participle: The … day.

a. followned

b. followning

c. followeding

d. followeded

e. following

36. Choose the appropriate word: England is the most … part of Great Britain.

a. kingdom

b. populated

c. little

d. valley

e. wet
37. Give the definition to the word “neighbour”:

a. A person who lives near you

b. A person who is interested in sport

c. A person who is fond of reading

d. A person whom you like

e. A person who studies at the institute
38. Put the necessary preposition in the sentence: I am interested … most sports.

a. at


b. for

c. with


d. in

e. on
39. Choose the correct variant of translation, paying attention to the suffix: “Счастливо”

a. happiest

b. happily

c. happier

d. happiness

e. happiiul
40. Choose the correct variant of the degree of comparison of adjectives: My … sister doesn’t live with us.

a. elder

b. more old

c. old


d. more older

e. eld
41. Choose the correct variant of plural form of the noun: Our … are … .

a. childs/ brothers

b. children/ brother

c. child/brothers

d. childrens/brothers

e. children/brothers
42. Choose the correct variant of the possessive form of noun: … mothers were talking.

a. The babie’s

b. The baby

c. The babies’

d. The babys’

e. The babies

43. Put the sentence into negative form: The boys are playing in the yard.

a. The boys are not playing in the yard

b. The boys don’t playing in the yard

c. The boys isn’t playing in the yard

d. The boys not playing in the yard

e. The boys didn’t playing in the yard


44. Choose the correct variant of negative to the given sentence: He used to live in Astana.

a. He didn’t used to live to Astana

b. He used not live in Astana

c. He didn’t use to live to Astana

d. He used not to lived in Astana

e. He not to use to live in Astana


45. Compile the sentence: His only … in life is making money.

a. bag


b. way

c. issue


d. uniform

e. aim
46. Read the numerals: 150, 235

a. One hundred and fifty thousand two hundred and thirty five

b. One hundred and fifty thousands two hundreds and thirty five

c. One hundreds and fifty thousands two hundred and thirty five

d. One hundred and fifty thousand and two hundreds and thirty five

e. One hundred fifty thousand two hundred thirty five
47. Choose the correct variant: I don’t know what … if you …this information.

a. happens/forget

b. happen/forget

c. will happen/ will forget

d. happens/will forget

e. will happen/forget


48. … working at the hardware store, Vincent was never happy.

a. He was

b. When was he

c. When he was

d. Was he

e. Was he when


49. Complete the sentences with the verb: I’ll wait for you until the taxi ….

a. will come

b. has been come

c. come


d. comes

e. came

50. Circle the best answer: A, B, C, D, E: You would have a great time if you … .

a. went


b. go

c. have been

d. would go

e. going


51. Complete the sentences with an appropriate preposition: He went … speaking for hours. It was so boring.

a. by


b. off

c. in


d. up

e. on
52. Circle the best answer: A, B, C, D, E: You are late. What …?

a. was happened

b. has happened

c. is happened

d. was happening

e. is happening
53. Circle the correct answer: If you don’t take a map, you’ll … .

a. have lost

b. get lose

c. get lost

d. lost

e. lose
54. Complete the sentences with the verb: Oh no, it’s broken! Don’t worry. I … you a new one.



a. am going to buy

b. am buying

c. will buy

d. will be buying

e. are buying
55. Valerie decided … a garden this year.

a. to grow

b. for growing

c. grow


d. grown

e. growing


56. Choose the correct form of the Passive voice: Everybody got a gift but I … nothing.

a. had been sent

b. was sending

c. none of the above

d. have sent

e. was sent

57. Complete the sentences with the adverb: Jack says he … to move out into the country this year.

a. want


b. is wanting

c. have wanted

d. have been wanting

e. wants


58. Circle the correct answer: … that picture. Isn’t it lovely!

a. watch


b. look at

c. see


d. look

e. do
59. Complete the sentences with an appropriate preposition: The TV series was based … her autobiography.

a. near

b. over


c. on

d. of


e. by
60. Circle the correct answer: Everybody …mistakes sometimes.

a. does


b. makes

c. has


d. gets

e. knows
61. … working at the hardware store, Vincent was never happy.

a. He was

b. Was he when

c. When was he

d. Was he

e. When he was
62. Bob wants money. Please give … to him.

a. they


b. those

c. them


d. it

e. its
63. Your flat is bigger than … . … walls are too high.

a. hers/Its.

b. our/Her

c. her/ its

d. my/her

e. us/his
64. She is busy with … daughter.

a. yours


b. mine

c. hers


d. her

e. ours
65. I think we have met her … .

a. somebody

b. somewhere

c. something

d. anywhere

e. sometimes
66. There aren’t … fruit-trees in the orchard.

a. any


b. some

c. no


d. anything

e. nothing


67. There are a lot of … in this place.

a. mices


b. mouse

c. mice


d. a mouse

e. a mice


68. You look happy. What’s the news? … good?

a. Are they

b. Is there

c. Are there

d. Is it

e. There are


69. Cuba is … sugar-growing areas in the world.

a. one of the larger

b. one of the largest

c. the largest

d. largest

e. one of the largest


70. Choose the right article if it is necessary: Can you play … piano?

a. an


b. a

c. the


d. -

e. cood

71. What is …matter with … baby?

a. an/the

b. -/the

c. a/the


d. the/the

e. the/an


72. … America is … far away country.

a. The/a


b. -/-

c. The/the

d. An/-

e. -/a
73. Choose the word of phrase, which completes the sentence best: I’ll be on vacation … next week.



a. -

b. on


c. at

d. the


e. in
74. Choose the word or phrase, which completes the sentence best: What are you laughing …?

a. on


b. over

c. at


d. above

e. up
75. Antarctica is the side of … elevations on the earth.

a. than the highest

b. the highest are

c. and the highest

d. higher

e. the highest
76. Choose the necessary form of the verb “to be”. Common forms of drugs (to be) of three categories.

a. am


b. is

c. was


d. are

e. shall be


77. Choose the necessary form of the verb “to be”: A leaf (to be) an expanded organ of a plant.

a. are


b. is

c. am


d. were

e. aren’t


78. Put the verb “to study” in the brackets in a proper tense: The science (to study) the arrangement and classification of plants

a. studies

b. study

c. is studying

d. studys

e. is studied


79. Put the verb “to take” in the brackets in Present Indefinite: The pharmaceutist (to take) the prescription.

a. take


b. took

c. to take

d. takes

e. will take


80. Put the verb “to grow” in the brackets in Present Indefinite: Roots and rhizomes usually (to grow) under the ground.

a. grew


b. grown

c. is grow

d. will grow

e. grow
81. Put the verb “to try” in the brackets in Present Indefinite: Since ancient times people (to try) to find medicinal plants.

a. try

b. trying



c. tried

d. was tried

e. is tried
82. Put the verb “to administer” in the brackets in Present Indefinite: Physician (to administer) me capsules and pills.

+a. administered

b. to administer

c. administer

d. administers

e. will administer


83. Put the verb “to be” in the brackets in Future Indefinite: An ointment (to be) useful for the skin.

a. am


b. were

c. will be

d. are

e. to be


84. Choose the correct variant of the verb “to be”: There … four important groups of plants.

a. am


b. was

c. been


d. is

e. are
85. Choose the correct variant of the verb “to have”: Most plants … no true roots or stems.

a. has

b. has got



c. has not

d. have


e. having
86. Put the verb in the brackets in a proper tense: Usually the fruit (to contain) the seed.

a. will contain

b. are contained

c. contains

d. is contained

e. was contained


87. Put the verb in the brackets in Present Indefinite: Botany is the science which (to deal) with living and extinct plants.

a. dealt


b. deals

c. deal


d. dealing

e. is dealt


88. Put the verb in the brackets in Past Indefinite: Roots and rhizomes (to grow) under the ground.

a. grew


b. will grow

c. is grow

d. grown

e. did grow


89. Put the verb in the brackets in Future Indefinite: A patient with a chronic peptic ulcer (to tolerate) pills.

a. to tolerate

b. tolerate

c. will tolerate

d. tolerates

e. is tolerate

90. Choose the correct variant: … roots usually absorb water and minerals?

a. Does


b. Did

c. Has


d. Do

e. Are
91. Choose the correct variant: … the shape and positions of leaves vary?

a. Am

b. Are


c. Is

d. Does


e. Do
92. Choose the correct variant: … the fruit contain the seed?

a. Does


b. Are

c. Has


d. Is

e. Am
93. Choose the correct variant: … there four important groups of plants?

a. Does

b. Are


c. Is

d. Have


e. Has
94. Give the negative form of the verb: Plant morphology (to study) the life processes and functions of the plant.

a. not study

b. do not study

c. was not studied

d. does not study

e. study not


95. Give the negative form of the verb: All semisolids (to have) fat material.

a. do not have

b. has not

c. are not have

d. is not have

e. are not having


96. Choose the correct form of the Passive Voice: All medicines (to keep) in drug cabinets.

a. kept


b. to keep

c. to be kept

d. is kept

e. are kept


97. Choose the correct form of the Passive Voice: Usually composite fruits (to form) from many flowers.

a. was formed

b. is formed

c. will be formed

d. are formed

e. should form


98. The antonym of the word “Rise” is:

a. recite

b. set

c. show


d. ring

e. get up


99. Choose the correct word: His … names are Jack and Nick.

a. cousins’

b. of cousins

c. cousins

d. cousins’es

e. cousen’s


100. Choose the correct variant of degrees of comparison of adjectives: Julia is much … than her sister.

a. youngerer

b. young

c. youngest

d. younger

e. youngster


101. Choose the right variant.

There are many… in the garden.

a) flower

b) flowers

c) fower’s

d) flowers’

e) a flower
102. Complete the sentence.

I … a student now.

a) will

b) am


c) was

d) will be

e) have
103. Complete the sentence

Every day I … breakfast at 8 a.m.

a) had

b) has


c) am having

d) have had

e) have

104. Add the sentence.



Peter is a pupil. … studies in the 10th form.

a) She


b) He

c) I


d) We

e) You
105. Complete the sentence.

This concert is … spoken about.

a) many


b) more

c) few


d) much

e) big
106. Choose the right variant.

It’s difficult for you. You can’t do it … .

a) yourself

b) himself

c) myself

d) ourselves

e) themselves


107. Choose the right sentence.

a) My parents were in much countries.

b) Do it as any as possible.

c) Did you take some photos?

d) My wive speaks few.

e) You watch TV too much.


108. Choose the right variant.

February is the … month of the year.

a) one

b) first


c) second

d) third


e) one of
109. Indicate the antonym.

posterior



  1. a) superior

  2. b) inferior

  3. c) backwards

  4. d) anterior

  5. e) low

110. Complete the sentence.

We keep our clothes in the ….

a) sofa


b) cupboard

c) wardrobe

d) TV-set

e) refrigerator


111. Complete the sentence.

These shoes are made of … leather.

a) the

b) any


c) an

d) -


e) an
112. Complete the sentence.

Tom is in his room. He … the piano.



  1. a) was playing

  2. b) plays

  3. c) played

  4. d) has playing

  5. e) is playing

113. Complete the sentence.

Books … to the students in the library.


  1. a) was given

  2. b) are given

  3. c) gave

  4. d) gives

  5. e) gaves

114. Choose the right variant.

… I come in?


  1. a) can

  2. b) had to

  3. c) have to

  4. d) can to

  5. e) may

115. Choose the right variant.

I don’t like this pen. Give me … one.

a) that


b) these

c) this


d) those

e) its
116. Choose the right variant.

I met my … friend yesterday.

a) goodest

b) better

c) the best

d) best

e) well
117. Complete the sentence.

If we study … we’ll pass our exams successfully.


  1. a) worst

b) well

  1. c) good

  2. d) best

  3. e) bad

118. Complete the sentence.

The capital of Russia is … .


  1. a) Moscow

  2. b) Leningrad

  3. c) Volgograd

  4. d) Almaty

  5. e) Kiyev

119. Choose the right variant.

Doctor-neurologist treats the patients with … .


  1. a) pneumonia

  2. b) cardiovascular diseases

  3. c) urological diseases

  4. d) gynecological diseases

  5. e) diseases of the nervous system

120. Choose the right variant.

The system is … into some groups.


  1. a) taken

  2. b) divided

  3. c) given

  4. d) belonged

  5. e) refered

121. Complete the sentence.

I … this work already.

a) did


b) done

c) have done

d) had done

e) didn’t

122. Choose the right variant.

I saw a girl … out of the window.

a) looks

b) have looked

c) is looking

d) look


e) looking

123. Choose the right variant.

Children go … kindergarden at the age of 3.


  1. a) To

  2. b) on

  3. c) from

  4. e) in

  5. f) at

124. Choose the right variant.

No news … good news.


  1. a) are

  2. b) am

  3. c) is

  4. d) will

  5. e) have

125. Choose the right variant.

The teacher asked the students … late.


  1. a) don’t be

  2. b) not being

  3. c) not to be

  4. d) not be

  5. e) doesn’t be

126. Choose the right variant.

There is … on the table.


  1. a) books

  2. b) book’s

  3. c) a book

  4. d) books’

  5. e) book

127. Complete the sentence.

He … born in 1975.


  1. a) is

  2. b) were

  3. c) had

  4. d) was

  5. e) am.

128. Complete the sentence.

Last year the students … lessons on Physics.



  1. a) have

  2. b) have had

  3. c) was having

  4. d) don’t have

  5. e) had

129. Complete the sentence.

Jane works at a hospital. … is a doctor.


  1. a) She

  2. b) They

  3. c) I

  4. d) We

  5. e) You

130. Complete the sentence.

There are … books in the library.


  1. a) little

  2. b) much

  3. c) few

  4. d) many

  5. e) any

131. Complete the sentence.

Let her do it by ….


  1. a) Herself

  2. b) himself

  3. c) ourselves

  4. d) itself

  5. e) themselves

132. Choose the right sentence

a) Thank you very much.

b) Much students passed this examination.

c) There is many money in my pocket

d) I enjoyed the party very little.

e) There were not some people in the street.
133. Choose the right variant.

He is…of the best student.



  1. a) second

  2. b) third

  3. c) one’s

  4. d) one

  5. e) ones

134. Indicate the antonym to ‘’seldom’’.

a) usually

b) sometimes

c) never

d) frequently

e) often

135. Complete the sentence.

All the drugs are kept in the ….


  1. a) cupboard

  2. b) sofa

  3. c) table

  4. d) drug cabinet

  5. e) bag

136. Complete the sentence.

This dress is made of … cotton.


  1. a) any

  2. b) an

  3. c) –

  4. d) the

  5. e) a

137. Complete the sentence.

Where are our children? They … pictures.


  1. a) are drawing

  2. b) was drawing

  3. c) were drawing

  4. d) is drawing

  5. e) have drawing

138. Complete the sentence.

Yesterday we … to the party by our friend.


  1. a) was invited

  2. b) were invited

  3. c) are invited

  4. d) is invited

  5. e) will invited

139. Choose the right variant.

He … to do this work.


  1. a) can

  2. b) may

  3. c) must

  4. d) has

e) have
140. Choose the right variant.

I need only … book.

a) these

b) those


c) it

d) its


e) this
141. Choose the right variant.

Mary is … in her family.



  1. a) younger

  2. b) the youngest

  3. c) youngest

  4. d) young

  5. e) the youngerst

142. Complete the sentence.

If he sees him he will ask some … .


  1. a) story

  2. b) questions

  3. c) answer

  4. d) paper

  5. e) advice

143. Complete the sentence.

The head of our state is the … .


  1. a) prime minister

  2. b) president

  3. c) chairman

  4. d) akim

  5. e) senator

144. Complete the sentence.

Butcher’s is a shop where we buy … .


  1. a) sweets

  2. b) bread

  3. c) meat

  4. d) drugs

  5. e) vegetables

145. Choose the right variant.

The heart … of two chambers.


  1. a) contains

  2. b) consists

  3. c) gives

  4. d) composes

  5. e) divides

146. Complete the sentence.

He … out just now.



  1. a) has gone

  2. b) went

  3. c) have gone

  4. d) goes

  5. e) gone

147. Complete the sentence.

The teacher … the students in room 4.


  1. a) examine

b) is examining

  1. c) examining

  2. d) will examine

  3. e) have examined

148. Choose the right variant.

My little brother is afraid … spiders.


  1. a) on

  2. b) in

  3. c) of

  4. d) from

  5. e) to

149. Choose the right variant.

East or West home … best.


  1. a) are

  2. b) will

  3. c) am

  4. d) have

  5. e) is

150. Choose the right variant.

Mike hoped that his friend … him with his car.


  1. a) helped

  2. b) would help

  3. c) have helped

  4. d) will help

  5. e) is helping

151. Choose the right variant.

There are some … in the room.


  1. a) chair

  2. b) chair’s

  3. c) chairs’

  4. d) chairs

  5. e) chaires

152. Choose the right variant.

Moscow … the capital of Russia.



  1. a) Is

  2. b) were

  3. c) am

  4. d) are

  5. e) have

153. Choose the right variant.

Margie and her sister …wonderful voices.

a) do


b) has

c) is having

d) are having

e) have
154. Complete the sentence.

Saule and Gulnar are students. … study at the university.

a) He


b) I

c) She


d) They

e) We
155. Complete the sentence.

He has … money.

a) many


b) small

c) much


d) big

e) any
156. Choose the right variant.

They did this work ….

a) himself

b) itself

c) herself

d) themselves

e) ourselves


157. Choose the right sentence.

a) He doesn’t have some time.

b) There are much buildings in this region.

c) Little childrens go to the school.

d) Any students of this group know it.

e) Many people live here


158. Choose the right variant.

March is the … month of the year.

a) first

b) third

c) tenth

d) fourth

e) fifth
159. Indicate the antonym to ‘’ever’’.

a) always

b) usually

c) never

d) often

e) sometimes


160. Choose the right variant.

We buy drugs at a … .

a) chemist’s

b) butcer’s

c) grocery

d) shop


e) market
161. Choose the right variant.

The table is made of … wood.

a) –

b) some


c) an

d) a


e) the
162. Complete the sentence.

I … for my key . I can’t open the door.

a) is looking

b) are looking

c) am looking

d) were looking

e) have looking
163. Complete the sentence.

This film … on this channel very often.

a) showed

b) show


c) is shown

d) shown


e) were shown
164. Choose the right variant.

… you speak English?

a) have to

b) should

c) may

d) would


e) can
165. Choose the right variant.

Don’t touch … things. They are mine.

a) these

b) this


c) that

d) it


e) its
166. Choose the right variant.

This book is the … … one.

a) more interesting

b) as interesting as

c) interesting more

d) most interesting

e) interesting most
167. Complete the sentence.

If he wants to study English he will need … .

a) Russian teacher

b) English teacher

c) Spanish teacher

d) French teacher

e) Kazakh reacher
168. Complete the sentence.

The Day of Independence of RK is … .

a) the 30 th of August

b) The 25 th of October

c) the 31 st of May

d) the 23 d of February

e) the 16 th of December
169. Choose the right variant.

Medical student … .

a) don’t like reading books

b) don’t know anything

c) are very strange

d) know everything

e) is a well educated person
170. Choose the right variant.

Jane … swimming.

a) go

b) looks


c) gets

d) likes

e) gives
171. Complete the sentence.

I … never...to London.

a) had/been

b) have/been

c) was/been

d) were/been

e) don’t/been
172. Choose the right variant.

I saw him … the road.

a) crossed

b) cross


c) crosses

d) crossing

e) having cross
173. Choose the right variant.

Alice is fond … ballet.

a) of

b) on


c) in

d) at


e) to
174. Choose the right variant.

Money … not everything.

a) are

b) an


c) is

d) will


e) have
175. Choose the right variant.

A doctor asked the patients … her.

a) not to disturb

b) no to disturb

c) don’t disturb

d) doesn’t disturb

e) aren’t disturb

176. Choose the right variant.

There are no … among them.

a) boy


b) boy’s

c) a boy


d) boys’

e) boys
177. Complete the sentence.

What … your sister’s name?

a) are


b) am

c) is


d) were

e) have
178. Complete the sentence.

Pete … anatomy lessons every day.

a) have


b) has

c) is having

d) had

e) have had


179. Add the sentence.

I see this picture every day….is beautiful!

a) I

b) It


c) He

d) They


e) We
180. We enjoyed the film very … .

a) much


b) few

c) more


d) a few

e) best
181. Choose the right variant.

Let me introduce … .

a) himself

b) herself

c) itself

d) ourselves

e) myself


182. Choose the right sentence.

a) My friend didn’t make some mistakes.

b) There isn’t many milk in the bottle.

c) She has much friends.

d) He spends much money on his clothes.

e) I have many time.


183. Choose the right variant.

The… month of the year is April.

a) fourth

b) third


c) sixth

d) first


e) eleventh
184. Indicate the antonym to ‘’rare’’.

a) never


b) seldom

c) sometimes

d) usually

e) frequently


185. Complete the sentence.

We lay on the … .

a) wardrobe

b) refrigerator

c) table

d) chair


e) sofa
186. Complete the sentence.

It is made … steel.

a) for

b) to


c) off

d) on


e) of
187. Complete the sentence.

Listen! Somebody … … a lovely song.

a) was singing

b) are singing

c) is singing

d) were singing

e) has singing

188. Complete the sentence.

The Olympic games … once in 4 years.

a) hold


b) were hold

c) are hold

d) was held

e) holds
189. Choose the right variant.

You … attend all lectures.

a) could


b) must

c) has to

d) would

e) have
190. Choose the right variant.

Look at … flowers, they are beautiful.

a) this


b) that

c) these

d) it

e) them
191. Choose the right variant.



Henry is … than his brother Bob.

a) strong

b) strongest

c) the stronger

d) so strong

e) stronger


192. Choose the right variant.

If the weather is … tomorrow we will have a picnic.

a) bad

b) best


c) fine

d) worse


e) baddest
193. Complete the sentence.

The Day of Constitution in Kazakhstan is … .

a) the 30 th of August

b) the 9 th of February

c) the 25 th of October

d) the 16th of December

e) the 1st of May
194. Choose the right variant.

A polyclinic is an institution where ………….

a) we dance

b) we go to see a doctor

c) we study mathematics

d) we cook meals

e) we have breakfast
195. Choose the right variant.

He always … to this music.

a) hates

b) sings


c) hears

d) listens

e) likes
196. Choose the right variant.

We … this letter already.

a) wrote

b) write


c) has written

d) writes

e) have written
197. Choose the right variant.

I don’t like … TV .

a) have watched

b) watching

c) watched

d) watch

e) is watched
198. Choose the right variant.

Fresh fruit is good … your health.

a) in

b) at


c) for

d) on


e) of
199. Choose the right variant.

Knowledge … power .

a) are

b) is


c) am

d) have


e) having

200. Choose the right variant.

The dean asked the students … .. … lessons .

a) missing

b) not to miss

c) doesn’t miss

d) don’t miss

e) be missed


201. Complete the sentence.

… is a teacher.

a) Aiguls sisters

b) Aiguls’ sisters

c) Aigul’s sister

d) Sister’s of Aigul

e) Aigul sisters
202. Complete the sentence.

Here is … notebook you need.

a) an

b) the


c) a

d) this


e) some
203. Complete the sentence.

She … be in the village next week.

a) am

was


c) will

d) are


e) were
204. Choose the correct form of the pronouns:

I must go to the English lesson.

… begins at 5 o, clock.


  1. а) she

b) they

c) him


d) it

e) he
205. Choose the right variant.

Give … this book, please.

a) his


b) she

c) it


d) your

  1. e) me

206. Complete the sentence.

She is speaking … her sister.

a) on


b) to

c) of


d) for

e) from
207. Choose the right variant.

Now they … an English article.

a) is translating

b) translate

c) translates

d) are translating

e) have translated


208. Complete the sentence.

The Parliament of Kazakhstan is located in:

a) Almaty

b) Atyrau

c) Astana

d) Taraz


e) Aktau
209. Complete the sentence.

He … for his father at that time yesterday.

a) was / waited


  1. b) was / waiting

c) waiting

d) were / waiting

e) ware / waited
210. Choose the right variant.

After a few months of the training course he … swim well.



  1. a) have to

  2. b) am allowed to

c) could

d) am able to

e) can to
211. Choose the right variant.

The home task … by me yesterday.

a) done

b) is done



c) do

d) are done

e) was done

212. Complete the sentence.

This book belongs to …

a) ours


  1. b) me

c)my

d)our


e) we
213. Choose the right variant.

How … friends do you have?

a) many


  1. b) much

c) few

d) any


e) little
214. Choose the correct form of the pronoun.

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